90 QUADRUMANA. 



who arc aware of this weakness, follow them at a distance, watching 

 for an opportunity to rob them of their booty. As soon as the Sakis sit 

 down to cat the honey they have discovered, the Sapajous, profiting by 

 their physical superiority, spring upon them, and put them to flight : 

 after which they enjoy the booty they have obtained so easily. 



The Sakis are generally gentle, but excessively timid, and for this 

 reason are difficult to tame, though they are not destitute of intelligence. 

 They manifest great solicitude for their young, and both male and female 

 carefully occupy themselves in rearing them. But after a certain time 

 they chase them awav, and compel them to provide for themselves. 

 The whole genus is often named, from their bushy tails," The Fox-tailed 

 Monkeys." The number of species is seven. 



The Satan Ape or Cuxio, Pithccia satanas, the most common repre- 

 sentative of the genus, is found on the upper Amazon and Orinoco 

 rivers. It measures sixteen inches in length, and its tail is nearly as 

 long. The quite round head is covered with a kind of cap of long, thick 

 hair, which seems to radiate from a central pivot on the occiput, parting 

 in front. The cheeks and chin are covered with a long black beard. 

 The back is thickly haired, the tail very bushy. The adults are of a 

 black color, inclining on the back to brown ; the young are of a grayish- 

 brown tint. Varieties are numerous. 



This species has been named by the Europeans the Satan Ape ; the 

 Indians call it the Cuxio. It is said to be very careful of its beard, and 

 will not put its face down to drink for fear of wetting it. It scoops 

 up the fluid in the palm of its hand when it is living in freedom, 

 but in captivity it drinks like other apes. It is fierce in temper, and 

 easily provoked ; when angry, it rubs the end of its beard and dashes on 

 its foe. Its teeth arc so strong that it can drive them into a stout 

 plank. 



The White-headed Saki or Black Yarke, Pithccia leucoccphala, 

 (Plate III), presents very different appearances at different ages, and 

 hence has obtained many different names. It is elegant in form, and 

 more varied in color than the Cuxio. The head is surrounded with a 

 thick fringe of white hair; the top of the head is deep black. It is a 

 remarkable fact that the white hair round the face is short in the male, 

 but long and drooping in the female. 



The so-called Sh.\GGY Ape, Pitliccia hirsuta, or Paranam, attains the 

 length of forty inches, of which half consists of the tail ; the body is cov- 



