FURTHER NOTES ON NEW JERSEY FISHES. 143 



wards. Maxillary but little inclined, and reaching posteriorly op- 

 posite front margin of eye. Edges of jaw firm and a little tren- 

 chant. Lips rather thin and little developed. M^andible shallow, 

 and rami a little elevated inside mouth. Tongue thick, fleshy, 

 adnate and rather far back. Nostrils together on upper side of 

 snout near upper front of eye, posterior larger and exposed in 

 form of crescent. Interorbital space broad, but little elevated 

 convexly, and greatly depressed. Preorbital large, and its great- 

 est width about ^/^ in its length, which latter is i^ in eye hori- 

 zontally. Other suborbitals all narrow. Posterior margin of 

 preopercle nearly straight and inclines a little forward. Gill- 

 openings extending forward opposite posterior margin of pupil, 

 and width of isthmus at that point about y3 of eye horizontally. 

 Gill-rakers about 2+5 short weak points, each much less than 

 length of gill-filaments. Gill-filaments about ^/j of orbit. 

 Pseudobranchias large, a little less than gill-filaments in length. 

 Pharyngeal teeth 4-4, hooked a little at tips, and each one with 

 a slight grinding-surface. Surface of isthmus depressed. Scales 

 moderately large, or about uniform size except on breast and 

 base of caudal where a little smaller, disposed in longitudinal 

 series parallel with lateral line, and each one with a number of 

 fine radiating strice. Lateral line complete, decurved a little 

 anteriorly, and ascending middle of side of caudal peduncle. 

 Origin of dorsal midway between tip of snout and base of caudal, 

 graduated down from first branched ray which is longest, and 

 depressed fin reaching about ^'/n to base of caudal. Origin of 

 anal inserted a little behind base of last dorsal ray, graduated 

 down from first branched ray, and depressed fin reaching about 

 •^/ii to base of caudal. Caudal rather long, slender, deeply 

 forked, and with long pointed equal lobes. Pectoral reaches 

 }i to origin of ventral, pointed, and upper rays longest. Ventral 

 inserted opposite origin of dorsal, and when depressed reaching 

 origin of anal. Vent close in front of anal. Color in alcohol 

 plain pale or light brownish generally, upper surface of body 

 scarcely darker. On back above edge of each scale dusky. A 

 dusky line down middle of back. Upper surface of head dusky, 

 sides silvery and lower surface whitish. Iris pale slaty. A 

 dusky streak from tip of snout back along side of head almost to 



