FURTHER NOTES ON NEW JERSEY FISHES. 159 



forward when protracted, and then horizontal, though when 

 closed a httle ohhque. Jaws even when protruding and mandible 

 protruding well in front when closed. Maxillary not quite reach- 

 ing front of eye, or only about opposite posterior nostril, and ex- 

 tending only a trifle lower than margin of eye. Lips thin and 

 little developed. Edges of jaws rather depressed or flattened, 

 and armed with rather broad bands of fine slender teeth. Roof 

 of mouth apparently edentulous, smooth. Tongue depressed, 

 moderately broad and thin, and hardly free. Nostril a small slit 

 close to upper front rim of eye on side of snout. Interorbital 

 space broad and flattened. Preorbital rather large, with 

 roughened surface, and its greatest diameter about equals that 

 of eye. Posterior margin of preopercle nearly vertical and entire. 

 Gill-opening extending forward midway in length of head. Gill- 

 rakers about 5+12 slender brittle points, longest about ^ of 

 longest filaments. Gill-filaments about Vs o^ ^Y^- No pseudo- 

 branchiae. Isthmus narrow and triangular in shape, its surface 

 slightly convex. Scales large, cycloid, rather narrowly exposed 

 in longitudinal series with appearance of vertical reticulation due 

 to dark membranes of each pocket. Each scale with a series of 

 rather fine concentric strije. Head covered with scales, except on 

 jaws and preorbital. Scales on cheeks in 2 series, and large scales 

 on opercle and top of head posteriorly. Scales on breast, belly 

 and base of caudal all smaller than others. Origin of dorsal 

 nearly midway between that of pectoral and base of caudal, and 

 rays graduated down from first branched which is longest, edge 

 of fin rounded. Anal inserted well before dorsal or its origin, 

 nearly midway between front margin of eye and base of caudal, 

 rays graduated down from first branched which is longest. 

 Caudal long, rounded, and median rays longest. Pectoral long, 

 rather large, upper rays longest, fin placed high or with its origin 

 level with upper margin of eye, and depressed tip reaching well 

 beyond base of ventral though apparently not quite opposite 

 vent. Origin of ventral about midway between that of pectoral 

 and that of anal, when depressed reaching vent, and first branched 

 ray longest. Vent close in front of anal. Color in alcohol 

 largely dull olive-brown above, becoming paler on sides and 

 fading whitish below. Muzzle, including all of mandible, trans- 



