42 Ohio and Pennsylvania Canal.—Semi-tertiary Deposits. 
the company were not opened until the spring of the year 1835. 
The stock was immediately taken up, and the canal must be com- 
pleted, on or before the month of April, 1837, or the charter will 
be forfeited. There is no doubt, however, of its completion within 
the time specified. The prospect of the immense profits it will 
yield to the stockholders, and the great advantages to the country, 
will insure its accomplishment. The following may be enumerated 
as a part only of its good features. It shortens the distance to an 
eastern market, from the central parts of Ohio, nearly two hundred 
and fifty miles. It is accessible four weeks earlier in the spring, and 
two weeks later in autumn, than the route by Lake Erie, or the 
northern route, which will be of vast importance to the farmer and 
merchant. It is subject to no dangers or delays from storms or head 
winds, and calls for no expense. of insurance on goods. It will also 
be a feasible route for merchandise going below the mouth of the 
Scioto, at those periods when the water in the Ohio is too low for 
safe steam navigation, as it almost invariably is for several weeks in 
the summer and autumn. With all these advantages, the opening 
of the Mahoning Canal will be the commencement of a new era, in 
the agricultural and commercial history of “the Reserve.” 
_ Semi-tertiary deposits.—After leaving Ravenna, our course was 
directly west, and we soon came on toa region whose geological 
appearance was quite different from that of the country we had left. 
East of this line, the soil and surface of the ground are argillaceous. 
A mile west of Raveana, the superstratum is a mixture of sand and 
gravel, with a more numerous distribution of bowlders, although they 
are seen every few rods over the clayey portions of the country. 
From Ravenna to the Cuyahoga Falls, the surface is more hilly, but 
never so much so as to occasion any impediment to tillage. Beauti- 
ful sheets of water, or small lakes, are scattered over this formation, at 
intervals of a few miles, through its whole extent, being a space not 
less than twelve or fifteen miles in width, by forty or fifty in length, 
stretching ina N. E. and S. W. diredtiot; from Geauga County, 
across Portage, into Stark County, and terminating at the sandstone 
and coal formations. ‘These lakes seem to have been placed here, 
in this elevated portion of Ohio, as reservoirs for canals and other 
purposes, by him who originally created the earth, and, by 
the operation of his pe dist laws, gradually formed it for the resi- 
dence of man. 
Brady’s Pond.—lIn the course of this afternoon, we passed near 
several small Jakes, from half to three fourths of a mile long, and 
