80 Cabinet of the Atheneum at Zanesville. 
ber and planks, until the sides of the canal were built up and secured, 
with gravel and earth. 
_ The fossil head of the animal which belongs to the order Rumin- 
antia and probably to an extinct species of the genus Ovis, was, found 
at the depth of eight feet in company with two others, near it. The 
bones of the mastodon, and the right halves of the lower jaws of two 
extinct animals of the order Rodentia, or Gnawers, with a radius or 
bone of the fore arm, were found at the depth of fourteen feet, resting 
on a bed of pebbles and gravel. They were safely preserved from 
decay by the black carbonaceousmud under which they lie, but had 
been considerably worn by attrition, before being deposited here, 
which might have been at the same period, and by the same catas- 
trophe which covered the districts north and west of this with prim- 
itive bowlders. One of the heads of the Oves, and one of the half 
jaws of the Rodentia, are now in the cabinet of the Atheneum. The 
drawings of these relics are of one fourth the natural size, and will 
assist the reader in understanding the descriptions. which I shall at- 
tempt to give. 
The radius or bone of the he arm.— Description.—Ten inches 
in length, two inches across the head, and one and a half inches 
across the carpal extremity, with a strong process on the outer side. 
A moderately elevated longitudinal process runs nearly the whole 
length of the bone, with a profound groove beside it. From the 
thickness of the bone in proportion to the length, I should infer.that 
powerful muscles had been attached toit. Fig. 15. 
Upper Incisor.—This tooth is very much curved, embracing the 
larger portion of asemicircle. Measuring on the outer margin of 
the tooth, it is eight inches in length; but beni broken and shorten- 
ed at both the cutting and radical extremities, it must originally have 
been not less than ten or twelve inches. Diameter, seven eighths of 
an inch. A section of the tooth is nearly triangular, as shown at 
Fig. 18, with the twe inner faces 3 ambi and the outer face 
rounded and deeply grooved. Fig. 1 
_ Lower Jaw.—The maxillary Sn of the jaw, is eight inches 
long, and four inches wide across the articulating portion. ‘The con- 
dyloid process is broken and gone. Molar teeth.—The molares are 
four in number, standing obliquely to the line of the alveolar process. 
The grinding surface of each tooth is channeled, in the manner of 
ruminating animals, five eighths of an inch in diameter, with the front 
tooth a little longer than the back one. They are wrely ghee in 
the jaw for grinding hard ligneous substances. 
