Proceedings of the British Association. 339 
Section B.—Cuemtstry anp Mineratocy. 
President.—Rev. Prof. Cumming. 
Vice Presidents.—Dr. Dalton, Dr. Henry. 
Secretaries.—Dr. Apjobn, Dr. C. Henry, W. Herapath, Esq. 
Mr. Watson read a paper on the phosphate and pyrophosphate 
of soda. 
Mr. Ettrick noticed a new form of blowpipe, by which the blast 
of the common blowpipe was made as equable as that produced by 
water pressure. 
Mr. Herapath then drew the attention of the section to the com- 
position of Bath water, as recently determined by him, and detailed 
the methods of analysis which he adopted, and the results at which 
he arrived. 
Dr. Hare next described his apparatus for the analysis, on n the 
plan of Volta, of gaseous mixtures. 
Mr. Herapath read a paper on the theory of the aurora borealis. 
He stated that he always found this phenomenon to be low in the at- 
mosphere, and in connection with clouds. Hence he inferred that 
it is occasioned by electricity passing from the clouds. 
Section C.—Gerotoey anp Grocrapuy. 
President.—Rey. Dr. Buckland. 
Vice Presidents.—R. Griffith, Esq., G. B. Greenough, Esq. 
(For Geography) R. I. Murchison, Esq. 
_ Secretaries. —W. Sanders, Esq., S. Stutchbury, Esq., T. J. Tor- 
rie, Esq. 
(For Geography) F. Harrison Rankin, Esq. 
A memoir was read by Mr. E. Charlesworth, being a notice of 
vertebrated animals found in the crag of Norfolk and Suffolk. The 
principal object in bringing forward this subject, was to establish the 
fact of the remains of mammiferous animals being associated with 
the mollusca of the tertiary beds above the London clay, in the 
eastern counties of England. ‘These remains are confined to a part 
of the crag formation, which appears to extend from Cromer in Nor- 
folk, to within a few miles of Aldborough in Suffolk, and the depth 
of which was very great, wells having been sunk in it without reach- 
ing its bottom. The bones of fish, and a large portion of the testacea 
Met with in the stratum, differ widely from those of the coralline 
beds, and from that part of the crag deposit which skirts the southern 
