376 Proceedings of the British Association. 
when the surface had been dry land, but that the operation must 
have been effected under the sea, as proved by the presence of these 
marine shells, and by the fact of boulders having been found on the 
summits of the sides of valleys, which could not have been brought 
to those positions save by the agency of currents of the ocean. This 
later period of the elevation of Siluria, must have produced also the 
present course of the Severn. In concluding his remarks, Mr. Mur- 
chison mentioned the possibility of icebergs assisting in the transport 
of diluvium.—Mr. Conybeare mentioned the fact of chalk boulders 
being found upon Flat Holm, near Bristol, which stones must have 
been brought down by the Avon. 
Secrion D.—Zootoey anv Botany. 
Dr. Moore announced his having procured a fish in Plymouth 
Harbor, new to Great Britain, the Trigla cataphractes, and Mr. 
Yarrell confirmed the accuracy of the observation, and stated the 
species to be common in the Mediterranean. 
Dr. Richardson then read the concluding portions of his report. 
The order Edentata is eminently South American, and only three 
or four species are met with in North America. The fossil species 
of Megatherium and Megalonyx, however, are found in both Amer- 
icas.—The order Pachydermata is remarkable for the size of most 
of its species, and the number of the extinct species is more than 
double the recent ones in the New World. Only two genera and 
three or four species belong both to North and South America. 
Fossil elephants and mastodons occur in the most distant parts of 
North America. Although the present race of horses is certainly 
of European origin, yet fossil bones of this quadruped are met with 
in Kotzebue’s Sound.—Thirteen species of Ruminantia were enu- 
merated, two of which are common to the old and new continents, 
and have a high northerly range. The North American deer are 
very imperfectly known. The reindeer reach to Spitzbergen and 
the most northerly of the American islands, and range southwards 
as far as Columbia River on the Pacific coast, and to New Bruns- 
wick on the Atlantic. Although the musk-ox ranges from the bar- 
ren lands over the ice to Parry’s Islands, it is not found either in 
Asia or Greenland.—There appears to be nine species of Cetacea, 
known as North American, and those on the east coast are mostly 
inhabitants of Europe also, under the same parallels of latitude, 
especially those of the Greenland seas. On the western side the 
