Miscellanies. 197 
acter of the region.—Fossil fresh water shells, fossil contents of 
red shales.—Upper bed of coal.—Coarse sandrock and conglome- 
rate, their grottoes and caverns.—Upper series of sandrocks.—~ 
Salt springs and their early history, salt manufacture, remarks on 
the salt producing rocks.—Quartz or calcareo-silicious rock.—The 
Scioto salines, early legislation on the Ohio salines, Muskingum 
salines, Gallipolis salines, leading creek salines, Hocking valley sa- 
line, Muskingum valley saline.—Number of salt wells and manu- 
facture.—Petroleum and carb. hydrogen gas. 
Prof. Kirtland’s Report.—Introductory remarks.—Advantages 
of the survey and from the study of botany.—Economical impor- 
tance of zoological knowledge.—Coloring materials from vegeta- 
bles.—Importance of our native plants. 
Prof. Briggs’s Report.—Reconnaissance of country between 
the Scioto and Hocking rivers.—Geological sections.—Aspect of 
the country.—Importance of the hilly character of the country.— 
Mineral deposits and dip, mode of determining the dip.—Groups 
or sub-divisions of rocks.—Limestone district, uses for marbles, 
building, &c.—Slate described by Mr. Foster, minerals in the 
slate, alum, copperas, gypsum, &c., mineral springs and bog-iron. 
— Waverly sandstone series. —Conglomerate.—Lower coal forma- 
tion, sandstone, shales, limestone.—Coal of Hocking valley, Jack- 
son, and adjoining counties, its quality in the lower series, between 
Scioto and Hocking.—Iron ore, furnaces of Scioto and Lawrence, 
construction of furnaces, roasting and smelting ore, iron ore of 
Jackson county, prospective iron manufacture, lead and zinc ores, 
salt wells, their geological position.—Fossil bones. 
Col. Whittlesey’s Report.—Original surveys, highways, char- 
acter of the country, Ohio and Scioto rivers, streams, Jackson 
county, salt springs, timber, ancient works, change of names, Vir- 
ginia military reservation, untaxed lands, military bounty lands. 
Western reserve, unsurveyed shore, geological queries, glossary - 
geological terms. 
As in the case of Pennsylvania, the very extent and variety of 
the research, almost preclude the attempt to give even a general 
notice of the principal facts, and if we seem to give greater prom- 
inence to the newer states, it is because they are less known, and 
also because copious details concerning the geology of Pennsylva- 
nia and Ohio, have been already given, in former volumes of this 
work ; of the coal and salines of Ohio, by Dr. Hildreth, and of the 
