50 Binagttion of Long Lake and Mud Lake, ix Vermont. 
ward, from Mud Lake to Keene-Corner; and even during 
its progress in the more level region, greatly alarmed all the 
surrounding country. 
The waters of Long Lake were undoubtedly calcareous. 
I saw on the bottom many siliceous rocks ; but the fissures 0 
these rocks were frequently filled with deposits of limestone. 
There were numerous masses or rocks of limestone, of a blue- 
ish black colour, occasionally imbedding pebbles of a differ- 
ent colour and genus. of these masses were exceeding- 
ly hard and firm, others were only brittle, while others were 
iable, and others still were heaps of blueish black limestone 
dust—the embryos of rocks which had not yet received the 
cohesion necessary to bind them into solid masses, when the 
matrix in which they were forming was dissolved. Probably the 
black spongy mud of Long Lake was chiefly of this charac- 
ter; as this very substance, when wet, has a similar appear- 
ance. In various places on the bottom of the lake, are depos- 
its of a friable white substance, which is almost pure carbo- 
nate of lime. This substance, as we shall have reason to see, 
was much more abundant before the emptying of the lake. 
Had a skilful mineralogist been with me, he might doubtless 
ee made important discoveries. 
he bottom of the lake was in some places 7, but gen- 
erally so dry, that we could walk over it Stee ateeiey. 
It was extensively grown over with sedge and other weeds, 
and in many places with shrubs and young trees. The ori- 
i water-level of e, was generally discoverable 
along the shores. The same rivulet still flows in on the west 
side, which originally supplied its. waters 5 but it now flows 
out at the northern end into Mud Lake. It is about a yard a 
over; and, as no reason can be given why it should h i- 
minished, I conclude that this on the * i of re cma or 
ong Lake. he flood left obvious traces of its violence 
within the bed of the lake. At the southern end, the water 
on the shoal, not more than 10 or 12 feet deep, rushing down 
the pitch into the deeper part of the lake, swept down a con- 
siderable mass of earth and rocks, and near the middle of the 
pitch, from east to west, formed an excavation, or trench, 
about one andens yoninde peor ae and shallow at its 
com t, but widening and deepening all the way to 
the bottom, where it is several rods in width. On both fliones 
ee ee 
= pee Sa 
0 
