270 Barnes on Batracian Animals and doubtful Re ptils. 
REMARKS on the preceding table. 
In this arrangement it will be perceived that the dzvis- 
zons depend on the presence or the absence of spiracles and 
tail. The first six genera agree in having four toes on the 
fore feet, and five on the hind feet. The /ast four agree in 
having neste and spiracles, or openings through the sides 
of the neck, like the gills of fishes. All, except the eighth 
genus, agree in having four legs, and div eed toes, generally 
without claws. The first five have gills i in their young state 5 
and the gHPopeninge entirely closed, in their adgit state. 
The sixth and seventh, have the gill-openings 
and covered by a simple, entire flap. The eighth Genus (S) 
has the operculum trilobate, and each lobe entire. ‘he 
eighth genus (§§) has the operculum trilobate and each lobe 
divided into small parts, from five to ten in number, which 
lie parallel to each other. The ninth oe has the branchize 
jarge, projecting, subdivided, and ramified into numerous 
capillary processes. All, or nearly all, of this family of rep- 
tils, have teeth in the palate ; the use of which is to triturate 
their food while the mouth is closed ; for, while the mouth is 
open, they are unable to breathe, and presently die, if they 
are prevented from closing their jaws. hey all agree in 
being naked, that is, externally unarmed with scales, crust, 
or : They a appear to be innocent while alive, and 
‘innoxious as food. 
We o the Eareinyen: of genera and remarkable 
species in the tpi above written 
BATRACIANS.* 
FIRST DIvisIoN.— NOSTRILS, BUT NO SPIRACLES. 
* Branchie and tail deciduous. 
(a) No teeth in either jaw. 
1 GENUS.—BUFO. Toap. 
dy warty and thick. 
Legs four, short and clumsy. 
Toes four before, Pe hog and pointed. 
E — 
$ 
eae endian Ran. p. 71. Rept. 8. p. 137 
Synonyms. Rana bufo. “dide - ee 
~ Le Crapaud. Lacepede. 
* From Barpayos, a FROG, animals like frogs. 
