Report on the Geological Survey of Connecticut. 167 
along with lime, in the preparation of a handsome finish for the 
walls of rooms.” 
Fluxes.—The minerals generally used are limestone, quarts} ond 
fluor spar, and magnetic pytites. 
ilex combines with the bases and forms silicates as they are 
termed. 
Quick Lime and Water Cement.—The State abounds with ma- 
terials for these most useful compositions ; much of the limestone is 
magnesian, which answers well for the purposes of the arts, and 
although said to be injurious as a manure, Mr. Bakewell asserts that 
it is only necessary to employ it in smaller quantity. In pure lime- 
stone, “the carbonate of lime is present in a proportion not lower 
than eighty-five per cent., the remainder consisting of magnesia, alu- 
mina, the oxides of iron and manganese, and of silica. The mag- 
nesian lime is the product of rocks in which carbonate of magnesia 
is associated with the carbonate of lime in a proportion, between 
fifteen and forty-five per cent. Hydraulic lime is derived from rocks 
containing between ten and thirty per cent. of clay, (a mixture of: 
silica and alumina in nearly equal proportions.) ‘These varieties 
are essentially different from each other. The two first are alike 
adapted to atmospheric uses ; the last, as its name signifies, to suba- 
queous applications,—having the extraordinary property of harden- 
ing under water. 
- Pure limestone as well as dolomite, is extremely scarce through- 
out the whole eastern half of the State. It is probable that the bed 
of dolomite in North Stonington may be found extending itself for a 
few miles, both in a northerly and southerly direction from Geer’s 
kiln, but beyond this no indications of limestone appear except in 
the mica-slate of Bolton mountain. At the notch in Bolton, several 
thin beds of pure limestone make their appearance, and the same 
strata occur again nearly two miles north in the flagging-stone quarry 
in Vernon. The overlie of the flagging-stone here, for a thickness 
of thirty feet, chiefly consists of a calcareous mica-slate, in some 
layers sufficiently rich in carbonate of lime to be burnt for agricul- 
tural purposes, if not for the fabrication of mortar. The same stra- 
tum is no doubt continuous through the-range, and in some part of 
it may be still richer in lime. 
«The western part of the State on the other hand, is in general 
well supplied with the varieties of calcareous rocks, although the 
dolomitic kind greatly prevails. Still even within the dolomite, it is 
believed that extensive beds of pure limestone exist.” 
