escaped the fiery streams by its elevation. It is now used as a fattening paddock 
for cattle, and it is indeed high time that something is done, or else these won- 
derful trees, many of them new and unique, will be a thing of the past, in even 
the nearest future. No undergrowth exists, with the exception of a few ferns, 
mainly Aspidium and Asplenium, the most common being Polystichum falca- 
tum var. 
One of the most interesting trees is a Malvaceae nearest to Hibiscus. Only 
one tree is in existence, and was described by the writer as a new genus under 
the name ‘‘Hibiscadelphus.’’ Two other species have since been discovered by 
the writer belonging to the same new genus, which will be mentioned in their 
respective places. Among the biggest trees is a new variety of Xanthoxylum, 
with a straight trunk of over a foot in diameter. (See plate 83.) Several species 
of Pelea, besides other Xanthoxyla, Sapindus saponaria, and Suttonia, ete., 
make up this beautiful park. : 
Beyond this oasis is another aa lava flow of more recent age, as it is still 
covered with a sort of serub vegetation. Dodonaea, Rumex giganteus, Coprosma 
ernodeoides—the Kukainene of the natives, Cyperus mauiensis, Carex, Koehleria 
glomerata, Styphelia, and a few others form the main vegetation, while a little 
lower is a triangular spot which was saved from the lava flows and supports a 
number of trees of Pittosporum Hosmeri var.,* the only Pittosporum representa- 
tive in the whole district. It is most remarkable that not a single species of 
Pittosporum or Sideroxylon can he found in the Kipuka Puaulu, which has most 
of their associates represented, while these two genera are conspicuous by their 
absence. With these Pittosporum are Pelea volcanica, Pelea sp? and Cheiro- 
dendron Gaudichaudii. This strip of lava beyond the little oasis is about half a 
mile wide. On its other side is an aa flow of much greater age. Ohia lehua has 
covered it densely, together with other species, the former, however, being the 
dominant tree. 
Adjoining this flow is another kipuka called Ki, similar to Puaulu, though 
much younger, as the vegetation is not half as rich in species as that of the 
latter. Sapindus saponaria is the predominant species, forming 50 per cent of 
the tree growth, while Acacia Koa, Sophora chrysophylla, Straussia, Pelea vol- 
canica, and others make up the rest of the forest. Sapindus saponaria is the 
largest tree present, reaching a height of about 80 feet, with trunks of 2 to 3 
feet in diameter. There is no undergrowth now with the exception of a few 
Aspidium and Polystichum ferns. Lichen growth is extremely rich in species, 
especially on the bark of Sapindus saponaria. This last kipuka is at an eleva- 
tion of about 4600 to 5000 feet. Above it is still another aa flow occupied by 
Acacia Koa, while below it is a forest of Sophora chrysophylla, which at this 
elevation, 4000 to 5000 feet, reaches its best development. 
nother aa flow joins this kipuka on the southwest side, supporting a vege- 
tation similar to the one adjoining it on the other, but is still younger. This: 
flow is perhaps two miles wide, and must have come from the west flank of 
* Pittosporum Hosmeri var. longifolia Rock v. n. 
31 
