district, however, occur many species of trees which are not found in other 
places, not even on the same island. The most prevailing tree is the rubiaceous 
Plectronia odorata (Walahee). Gardenia Brigham: (Nau) of this same family, 
only common on Molokai and Lanai, is here also to be found, but will have to 
be termed for here a rather rare plant; it has not been recorded previously from 
the Island of Hawaii. Nearly all the trees occurring at Kapua, South Kona, 
ean be found also in North Kona, with possibly one or two exceptions, though 
numerous trees occur here and not in the former locality. 
Of Leguminosae, the elsewhere very rare Mezoneurum Kauaiense (Uhiuhi) 
is here plentiful. It forms small groves by itself, while only here and there can 
a single tree be found, usually in company with the rhamnaceous Colubrina op- 
positifolia. Hillebrand records this species as a small tree. Here in this 
locality it grows to quite a good sized tree with trunks of over a foot in diam- 
eter. It is much more numerous in North Kona than in South Kona, outside of 
which the tree is not found. Of Rutaceae, which are absent in Kapua, two 
genera are represented, Pelea and Xanthoxylum. Pelea cinerea, not unecom- 
mon at an elevation of 4000 feet near the Voleano Kilauea, grows gregariously 
at 500 feet elevation and even lower, on rough aa lava fields. 
Of great interest is the genus Xanthoxylum, which has here four species; 
two belong to the X. dipetalwm type, the other two are variations of XY. Kauaiense 
and XY. Mawiense. 
Pittosporum Hosmeri is also met with quite frequently, the trees found at 
Kapua being a variety. At Puuwaawaa the fruits are nearly twice the size of 
those from South Kona, while the tree itself is also larger. 
Euphorbia lorifolia (Akoko) is a shrub at 2000 feet elevation, while 700 feet 
higher it is a tree about 25 feet high, with a diameter of 10 inches. The tree 
yields a large amount of latex, which owing to its predominance in an area of 
5000 acres will undoubtedly prove a valuable commercial product. Of Arali- 
aceae, Reynoldsia sandwicensis is quite plentiful, besides Tetraplasandra sp., 
and Tetraplasandra Hawaiiensis growing at 3500 feet. Of Sapindaceae, Sapin- 
dus saponaria is quite common, especially at Puuwaawaa proper, a rugged 
hill of 3000 feet elevation. Associated with it are Acacia Koa, Claoxrylon sp., 
Delissea undulata, a lobeliaceous plant also found on Mauna Loa, but in this 
locality much smaller in size, Xanthocylum sp. and Charpentiera obovata (Pa- 
pala). Nothocestrum breviflorum occurs on the lava fields surrounding the 
erater. A very interesting tree is Hibiscadelphus Hualalaiensis, of which 
species several trees are in existence, while of the two other species, also pecu- 
liar to the dry districts, only one specimen of each species has been discovered. 
Sandalwood is frequently met with, as well as Pisonia inermis var. leiocarpa, 
and Ochrosia sandwicensis, the latter, however, being scarcer. Chenopodium 
sandwicheum (Alaweo or Aweoweo), which in other localities is herbaceous, is 
here a small tree and very plentiful. Of vines, Canavalia galeata, Mucuna gi- 
gantea, Cocculus Ferrandianus, two species of Ipomoea and one of Breweria can 
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