inaccessibility to cattle, that one can still find H. Grayana; with it grows Wik- 
stroemia, Campylotheca, several species of Lipochaeta, Dodonaea viscosa, Rail- 
lardia ciliolata and Xanthorylum Hawaiiense, the latter a small tree or shrub 
with strongly lemon-scented leaves. 
The treeless plain extends over to the Waimea village, situated at the foot 
of the South Kohala mountains, at an elevation of 2700 feet. The country 
north of Waimea is extremely wet, while south of it the land is comparatively 
dry, especially so at Kawaihae. From Puukawai, a crater situated about three 
miles south of Waimea, the land is known as Kawaihaeiuka, and must have been 
once upon a time covered with a plant growth similar to Puuwaawaa now. 
Nearly all the common trees found in North Kona oceur here; the only species 
not found in Kona and growing on the slopes of South Kohala that is in Ka- 
waihaeiuka is Acacia Koaia (Koaia), a tree resembling very much the Koa, but 
differing from it in size, in its rather gnarled trunk, harder wood and very nar- 
row seed pods. It can be found, however, on the slopes of Puuanahulu, the 
boundary of North Kona. The tree is peculiar to the very dry districts and 
never occurs in wet forests, as is the case with the Acacia Koa. Hillebrand in 
his Flora reports the araliaceous Pterotropia dipyrena as growing at Kawai- 
haeiuka, but the writer was unable to find it. In fact, the land is now very open 
and only few trees ean still be found, cattle having destroyed them very rapidly. 
At 3000 feet elevation the land is swampy and the main plant covering is 
Paspalum conjugatum, with a few Sadleria ferns, instead of the dense forest 
which once here existed. 
In conclusion, the writer wishes to state that owing to the similar age of the 
Kohala Mountains to that of the West Maui Mountains, he finds it advisable to 
treat that district either separately or in conjunction with the West Maui for- 
ests and those of Waialeale, Kauai. 
