sapotaefolia and var. procumbens, P. macropus, P. oblongifolia (not peculiar to 
Kauai), P. barbigera (Uaheapele), and the well-known P. anisata (Mokihana), 
all are old denizens of Kauai and particularly of the middle forest zone. On 
the other islands several species of Pelea are found, but by far the most num- 
erous species are found on Kauai. On Oahu we find P. Lydgatei and P. clusi- 
aefolia, but the most common species is P. sandwicensis, whose place is taken 
on Hawaii by P. volcanica, which ascends, however, up to 6000 feet. Platy- 
desma rostrata and Pl. campanulata var. macrophylla, both species belonging 
to a strictly Hawaiian genus with almost no affinities, are to be found. Of these 
two species, the former inhabits the more dry districts, as in the forest of Kopi- 
Wai in company with Alphitonia excelsa, while the latter is usually found in the 
interior of the island, but in the Elaeocarpus forest belt. Solanum Kauaiense 
(Popoloaiakeakua) forms the undershrub, with several species of Cyrtandra and 
the very handsome composite Campylotheca cosmoides (Poolanui), a shrub with 
long, rambling branches and very large yellow, drooping flowers. The genus 
Raillardia, with its many species on Maui and Hawaii, has only one species rep- 
resented in the middle forest zone of Kauai, but this species, Raillardia lati- 
folia, is so different from those found on the other islands that one would not 
recognize its relationship at the first glance. While all Raillardiae are either 
shrubs or small trees, the species in question is really a vine or climber. The 
writer observed it on Bobea Mannii and also on Xanthoxylum, both trees of 
about 30 feet in height. The genus Dubautia, also of the composite family, 
consists of seven species, all of which can be found on Kauai, five of them being 
peculiar to the island. Dubautia plantaginea is found on all the islands of the 
group, but has many variations on Kauai, where it is very common along Waia- 
lae stream. Dubautia Knudsenii usually grows on more open slopes and ridges 
and is a small shrub, while D. raillardioides is a small tree still belonging to the 
Elaeoearpus belt. Of other Compositae especial mention must be made of the 
highly interesting Wilkesia gymnoxiphium, a very beautiful plant usually found 
on the edge of canyons and bluffs, nearly always in company with the tall and 
handsome blue-fiowered Lobelia yuccoides, which becomes 15 to 20 feet in height ; 
they are usually found in company with Styphelia tameiameia, Bobea Mannii, 
Dodonaea viscosa, and Acacia Koa, and belong to the outskirts of the middle 
forest zone. 
If we follow the Waialae stream at an elevation of 4000 feet we find many 
interesting plants, among them the new lobeliaceous Cyanea rivularis with its 
large, bright-blue flowers. It covers the steep banks or walls of this wonderful 
valley, almost to the exclusion of everything else. At the head of this stream 
these beautiful plants stand erect like palms, with their large crown of leaves 
at the top of a single 15 to 20 feet tall stem, waving gracefully in the wind. 
With it is usually found Lobelia hypoleuca, Cyrtandra begoniaefolia, and C. 
Wawrae, as well as the new Cyanea Gayana, another of the numerous Lobelioi- 
deae inhabiting this wonderful island. 
57 
