Urticaceae. 
The cystolites in the specimens from near the voleano Kilauea, Hawaii, are 
ovate elongate, while those from the Kohala mountains of the same island are 
punctiform ; besides, the male inflorescence of specimens from the latter locality 
is only about 3 em. in diameter, and the leaves are shortly petioled. The speci- 
mens found at the slopes of Mauna Loa, Hawaii, seem to be the typical U. Sand- 
vicensis and coincide exactly with Gaudichaud’s most excellent plate. Hille- 
brand’s var. 7. is here united with the species, as the pubescence, which seems 
to be his only distinctive character, occurs in nearly all the specimens from 
various localities. Hillebrand’s var. 7. from Molokai, Oahu and Lanai differs 
from the species mainly in the leaves, which are shorter petioled and are rounder 
or rather broadly truncate to cuneate at the base, making the leaf almost deltoid. 
The leaves are nearly all pubescent underneath in the writer’s specimens, espe- 
cially along the veins and midrib. Heller suggests to uphold Weddel’s Urera 
glabra, which is a synonym of Hillebrand’s var. y, merely on account of geo- 
graphical range: the difference is in reality slight, and Hillebrand’s variety is 
here retained. The latter author’s var. 8 or Wawra’s Urera glabra var. mollis, 
which is cited as a synonym by Hillebrand, does not warrant being separated 
from var. 7, with which it is here united. In Olokele Valley, on Kauai, the 
writer collected specimens of Urera Sandvicensis, which he refers to var. 7. They 
differ somewhat from the plants found on Molokai in the longer petioled leaves 
which are slightly cuneate at the base, and the very large loose male inflores- 
cence; the leaves are more or less deeply serrate even to the subtruncate-cuneate 
base, and wholly glabrous. 
The Opuhe is a medium-sized tree with a straight trunk which is clothed in a 
smooth, very fibrous bark. It is distributed all over Hawaii, where it is nearly 
always a tree, while on the other islands it is merely a shrub. Near the Kilauea 
voleano, on Hawaii, slopes of Mauna Loa, especially at the Kipuka Puaulu (4000 
feet), it is a very common tree, 25 feet or so in height, with rather long, thick, 
drooping branches. The tree is dioecious; that is, male and female flowers are 
borne on separate trees. It is associated with Koa, and Naio trees near Ship- 
man’s ranch, and with many other trees at Puaulu, such as Straussia, Pelea, 
Xanthoxylum, ete. At Puuwaawaa, North Kona, Hawaii, it is not uncommon in 
Waihou forest (elevation 3000 feet), where trees 35 feet in height ean be found. 
It is here that the writer met with the biggest trees; some had trunks of one foot 
in diameter. In the Kohala mountains on the same island it is a shrub. Va- 
rieties of this tree occur on all the islands of the group, but not with well-defined 
characteristics. Like Neraudia, it also exudes a milky, watery fluid which is 
otherwise lacking in the family Urticaceae. It is not a very dry district plant, 
but favors regions with more frequent and heavier precipitation. 
The bark was used by the natives in a similar manner to that of the Olona—for 
fish-nets, and even at times for their tapa cloth. It is, however, not as strong 
as Olona. The trees are free from insects. The wood is soft and light. 
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