Santalaceae. 
trunk of over one and a half, and occasionally two, feet in diameter. The bark is 
black and smooth, the leaves very dark green and glossy, and drupes olive shaped 
and black, with somewhat fleshy exocarp. It occurs mainly on the rough aa 
flows intersecting this beautiful country, but can also be found in the Koa forest, 
where it is very numerous; many large trees were found dead, undoubtedly due 
to the dying off of their hosts. Nearly 90% of the trees which formed this once 
beautiful forest are now dead. 
Santalum Freycinetianum occurs on all the islands. On Lanai it can be found 
on the extreme eastern end, scattered about on the exposed open grasslands. At 
Puuwaawaa, North Kona, Hawaii, it grows on the lava fields at 2000 feet and 
higher up on the slopes of Hualalai large trees can be observed. This species of 
Santalum has several varieties, found on the various islands. On Lanai and East 
Maui on the southern slopes of Haleakala occurs Hillebrand’s var. 7. cuneatum, 
which differs from the species in its small thick, fleshy, suborbicular leaves, which 
are slightly cuneate at the base. It is usually a shrub, but to the writer’s aston- 
ishment it grew as a veritable vine, completely covering a species of Sideroxylon. 
At the voleano of Kilauea, Hawaii, elevation 4000 feet, occurs another variety 
called 3. var. latifolium Gray. Its leaves are coriaceous pale glaucous underneath 
and quite broad; the flowers are arranged in numerous panicles which are axil- 
lary and terminal. It grows plentifully on the cliffs surrounding the main 
erater, but always as a shrub. 
On Diamond Head crater, the landmark of the Island of Oahu, and in Kailua, 
Hawaii, as well as at Cape Kaena, Oahu, grows a small much branching shrub, 
which is another variety called var. «. littorale Hbd., as it grows in the vicinity 
of the seashore. 
On Lanai on a spur of the main ridge, Lanaihale, the writer found a tree quite 
distinct from any of the other varieties known. It has the largest leaf of any 
Santalum known, and also flowers which almost exceed in size those of Santalum 
pyrularium of Kauai. It is here described as follows: 
Var. Lanaiense var. nov. 
Branches robust, stiff; leaves orbicular in outline, mucronate at the apex, slightly 
contracting at the base into a petiole of 5 mm, 7 to 10 cm each way, dark green race 
bright glaucous underneath with red veins, chartaceous; panicles very small, axillary, -» 
ong, flowers two or single on minute pedicels, flowers large, right red with glaucous 
2 mm long, campanulate to cylindrical, the acute lobes a third the lengta 
of the tube; anthers as long as the perigone; drupe unknown. 
A medium-sized tree with stiff gnarled branches, growing at an elevation of 
about 3000 feet in company with Straussia, Bobea, Dubautia, ete. It has the 
largest leaf in the genus and is almost worthy of specific distinction. neciciieate 
in July, 1910. Type in the College of Hawaii Herbarium; co-type in the au- 
thor’s Herbarium no. 10061. 
It may be of interest here to relate the rise and fall of the Sandalwood trade 
in the Hawaiian Islands. In the year 1778 the attention of the commercial world 
was first drawn to the existence of Sandalwood in these islands; a Captain Ken- 
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