Santalaceae. 
drick, of a Boston brig, is known to have been the first who left two men on 
Kauai to contract for several cargoes. Under the able government of Kameha- 
meha, vast quantities of the wood were exported. The Sandalwood was to these 
islanders the start in life. From 1790 to 1820 numerous vessels called for this 
wood, bringing many and various things in exchange, and about 1810 Kameha- 
meha I. and his people began to accumulate considerable wealth. In one year 
nearly 400,000 dollars were realized. Under the reign of Liholiho the Sandal- 
wood began to be exhausted, though in the year 1820 we still hear of 80,000 dol- 
lars’ worth of the wood being paid for the yacht ‘‘Cleopatra’s Barge,’’ and in 
1822 of a voyage to Kauai to collect the annual tribute of the wood in that 
island; though the produce became every day more difficult to procure, and 
could no longer be demanded in payment of taxes. Finally a substitute was 
discovered, the Naio (Myoporum sandwicense A. Gray) or Bastard Sandalwood, 
though no relation to true Sandalwood; it, however, could not revive the trade. 
Thus came to an end the export of the Jliahi or Laau ala (fragrant wood) as 
the natives termed the wood. 
For further particulars in regard to Sandalwood trade in Hawaii, consult J. 
J. Jarves’ History of the Hawaiian Islands. 
Santalum ellipticum Gaud. 
Tliahi. 
(Plate 44.) 
SANTALUM ELLIPTICUM Gaud. Bot. Voy. otra ay 1830) 442;—Endl. F 
pei 940;—DC. Prodr. XIV (1857) 682;— ray Proce. Am, Acad. rv. “1860) 
327;—Mrs, Sinclair Indig. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1885) pl. 34;—Heller, PI. ae = 
Saale a fosdotc ge ay sce e. ellipticum Gray Bot. U. 
i Mann, ead. VII (1867) 198; Mba. Fi. Haw. i ‘ Gibas) 
Pro 
390; pei Cast. Tl. PL rah “nee Pacif. VII (1892) "283. 
Branches slender, more or less drooping; leaves thin chartaceous, elliptical-oblong, 
sedaish, ‘about 17 em long and 3 em wide, on slender petioles of 18 mm, acuminate glabrous; 
peas cles in the axils of the upper leaves, rather loose, the flowers on distinct pedicels of 
m; perigone 8 to 10 mm reddish the lobes as long as the tube or longer, with long 
ette of hair; drupe as in S. Freycinetianum, 
Santalum ellipticum or Iliahi is not uncommon on the islands of Kauai and 
Oahu; on the latter island trees of this species are very numerous on the eastern 
end, especially in the valley of Palolo, where they are associated with Acacia Koa 
(Koa) mainly, which is probably its host. It extends from an elevation of 600 
feet up to about 1500 feet, at which latter elevation it grows together with Straus- 
sia Kaduana (Kopiko), Elaeocarpus bifidus (Kalia) and others. It has a short, 
straight trunk and a rather round crown, formed of slender branches. It is very 
conspicuous from a distance on account of its reddish tinted foliage. 
The Hawaiian Sandalwood, according to old natives, grows to a height of 
often 80 feet, with trunks of often three feet in diameter. The older and bigger 
the tree the more valuable it becomes, as its fragrance increases with age. It is 
only the very heart wood that is scented, and in small or young trees the roots 
only are fragrant. 
131 
