The Holio is a very common tree in the forests of the leeward side of Kauai, 
where it associates with Bobea Manni (Ahakea), Elaeocarpus bifidus (Kalia), Al- 
phitonia excelsa (Kawila), and others. It is a medium-sized tree, reaching a 
height of 20 to 30 feet, but rarely more. The trunk is somewhat rough and not 
exceeding 10 to 12 inches in diameter. It inhabits the drier districts of Kauai at 
an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet, is light-loving and therefore mostly found on 
the outskirts of the forests. Mr. Forbes has found this tree, which was thought 
to be peculiar to Kauai, on the Waianae range of Oahu, whose vegetation is very 
similar to that of Kauai. Nothing could be ascertained from the natives as to 
the uses of this tree. Even the name Holio was not known to many of them. 
SAXIFRAGACEAE 
The family Saxifragaceae, which consists of 69 genera and about 581 species, is 
very widely distributed from tropical Asia to Africa and Australia, also in 
America and insular regions. In the Hawaiian Islands the family is represented 
by a single endemic genus with two species, which belongs to the section Hydran- 
geoideae, as it is a relative and representative of the well-known Hydrangea. 
BROUSSAISIA Gaud. 
Flowers through abortion unisexual. Male ficwers with fiat receptacle, 5 lanceolate 
sepals, and 5 valvate petals. Stamens 10, with thick subulate filaments, ovate anthers, an 
sterile crataanilan Female flowers with ¢ ong bup.taa to ovoid receptacle, triangular sepals, 
and small seale-like petals, without stamen y inferior, five-celled; ovules numerous 
on thick bipartite ig sie s, with thick ne pileg “hick ~~ stigma. Berry globose. 
fleshy, many seeded. es with thick densely tomentose terete branches, opposite or 
whorled sertabe leaves, =| small ee arranged in uae corymbs. 
KEY TO THE SPECIES. 
Leaves opposite; petals bluish green... -.....----. 6s 20s sere ce een esse cee eee B. arguta 
Leaves ternate; petals reddish (4c. See ea aoe beek e p e ee ee bie ees B. pellucida 
Broussaisia arguta Gaud. 
Kanawau and Puahanut. 
BROUSSAISIA ARGUTA Gaud. Bot. Voy, — Ger 1830) 479-80 t. 69;—DC. Pro 
IV. (18380) 17;—Hook. et Arn. Beech. (1832) 84; ee Fi. ‘Suds. cas86) 
no. 1417;—A. Gray Bot. US. E. = WA 854) 683. $287; it , Proce. Am. Acad. 
VIT. (1867) 165, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1867) 240;—Mrs. Patten Tdi ig. Fl. Haw, Isl. 
(1885) pl. 36 (is te B. pellucida) ;—Hbd. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 120;—Del Cast. 
Til. Fl. Ins. Mar. VI. (1890) 163 Fg in Engl. et Prantl. Pfizfam. iit. 
2. a, (1891) 77 vt feller Pl. Haw. Isl. (1897 
Leaves opposite (never ternate) obovate oblong, slightly acuminate, closely serrate, 
gradually tapering into a thi nd fleshy petiole which is dilated at the base, np gla- 
brous, quite roe dick gre n above with impressed veins inch are shortly hirsute; 
corym 5 to 7 em in height ig about id em in width, hirsute, the branches subtended by 
foliaceous sessile bracts of 12 to 25 m , the bractlets smaller, eaducous; male flo 
petals greenish-blue, spreading trian ngular, yolcrenige much longer than the acute ieee: 
<< exserted; female cate er hare oid, the narrow acute teeth 2 mm, petals seale- 
like mm, ovary adnate Let its ‘le notte berry dark red, globose with a free 
at abou 
conical ape at with distinet. Haare “style and crowned by the caly cine teeth and petals; 
151 
