Elaeocarpaceae 
A genus of more than 60 species of trees. It is distributed from India 
through the Malayan Archipelago to Australia, New Caledonia, and New Zea- 
land; also over the Philippines to Japan, with a single species in Hawaii. 
Elaeocarpus bifidus Hook. et Arn. 
Kalia. 
(Plate 113.) 
ELAEOCARPUS BIFIDUS Hook es hee ae rise (1832) 110, < tut ;— Endl. Pols Suds. 
(1886) no. 14;—A, — tae 205;—H. N nn, Proc, Am, Acad. 
Vil (i387) 158, et Fl aah 67) 143;—Wawra in era (873) 171:— 
. Haw. Isl. esse 53. Del Cast. Ill. Fi. Ins. Mar. Pac. VI. (1890) 12 io 
Hbd 
Heller BI. Haw. Isl. (1897) 850. —Beythea bifida End. Gen. Pl. Walp. Rep. Le (1840) 
365 et V. 121. 
ves ovate to ovate-oblong 10 to 18 em long, 5 to 9 em wide, on petioles of 5 em, 
acuminate, crenate or blu untly serrate, often nearly Sate. chartaceous; shel #8 lanceolate, 
2 mm long, caducous; racemes 25 to 50 mm long with 5 to 8 flowers on pedicels of 12 
Sepals narrow lanceolate, petals as long as sepals, boat 8 mm, greenish, ner ane 
shortly bifid or searcely eee a Bdphsipees on rags h ae ces; stamens 13 t y V/S the 
yas 
2 to 3 celled, tapering into he inne 3 53 as oved pat te ovules 3 to 6 in each cell, 
Stone fruit olive-shaped, 25 to 30 mm one the putamen thick woody; seeds aca 
solitary, rarely two, with a thin testa. 
The Kalia is a perfectly glabrous tree, reaching a height of 30 to 40 feet, with 
a trunk of several inches to sometimes a foot in diameter. The bark is dark-gray, 
one-fourth of an inch thick, and roughened. Its branches are drooping and 
sending out many branchlets, which are gummy at their ends. The flowers of 
the Kalia are attacked by an insect, which accounts for the monstrous deforma- 
tion of the flowers, which ean be seen on nearly every tree. The insect is a 
Species of Acari. The layman would certainly mistake it for the flowers, as its 
bright-red color is not altogether unattractive. The writer on all of his rambles 
found very few trees, indeed, which had normal flowers. The real flowers, how- 
ever, are small and greenish and rather inconspicuous. The drupe is olive- 
Shaped and over an inch long, with usually one seed, rarely two. 
The Kalia is most common on Kauai, where it inhabits the leeward side at 
an elevation of 3500 to 4000 feet. It is ee a tree of the rain forest, and 
is never found in the dry region or on lava fiel 
It loves boge ey forests and gray loam. It associates with Straussia, Bobea, 
Cheirodendron platyphyllum, Cryptocarya Manni, Pelea sp., ete. On Oahu it 
is not uncommon and can be found on all the ranges, windward and leeward. 
It is, however, not as common as on Kauai, where it forms 30 per cent of the 
leeward forest. On all the explorations undertaken by the writer he was un- 
able to find a single tree on any of the other islands, making the tree peculiar 
to Kanai and Oahu. This may be explained on account of the large seed, which 
is impossible to be carried either by birds or winds, and as the tree inhabits the 
‘aiddle forests zones, the ocean currents can have nothing to do with its dis- 
persal, especially as the seeds are not buoyant. 
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