Compositae. 
inner bracts longest, linear lanceolate, the outer ones short, ovate. me tae flat 
a deeply 5-cleft into linear acute straight lobes. Stamens 
affixed to the base of the corolla, the anthers long linear, united until fertilization, ex- 
serted. Style filiform, long eae shortly bi-dentate or entire. Achenes linear- oblong, 
d-angular, with several faces ribbed. Pappus of many pluri-seriate stiff and scabrous 
eapillary ‘bristles which are twice the length of the achene.—Trees or shrubs with very 
hard grained wood. Leaves alternate, penni-nerved, entire. Heads large and few in 
terminal clusters, or in the forks of the branches. Corolla brownish-yellow 
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This most interesting Hawaiian genus consists of three species two of which 
become arborescent. The genus belongs to the tribe Mutisieae which is chiefly 
American, but especially occurring in the South American Andes. It has been 
called the Hawaiian Thistle tree. 
Hesperomannia arborescens Gray. 
(Plate 215.) 
oe ARBORESCENS Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. VI. —— 554;—H. ng 
in Proc. Am. Acad. Meek Boe 176;—Brigham in Mem. Soc. Nat 
a Bee (1868) 527. p. 20 in Flora (1873) 76;—Hbd. PL ‘Haw. Isl. rere 
232;—Del Cast. Ill. Fl. ne ar Paeif. VI. (1890) 215, 
Leaves glabrous, dark on both faces, thin chartaceous, or often somewhat fleshy in 
texture when fresh, and minutely pubescent with grayish hairlets when young, especially 
along the veins and midrib, obovate-oblong 12 to 34 em. long, 4 to 20 em wide, with 
reddish midrib and petiole, the latter 2 to 4 em; bluntly acuminate, erenate-dentate, often 
sub-entire; heads about 5 em high, 5 to 7 in a terminal cluster or cymose umbel on thick 
pedicels at about 10 to 14 mm; involuecre 2.5 em high, quite glabrous, its bracts in 4 to 7 
rows, corolla 24 to 30 mm, divided to the middle, anthers 8 to 10 mm, achenes glabrous, 
14 mm, linear-oblong, the tawny pappus twice that length. 
The first tree of this species was discovered by H. Mann, on the Island of 
Lanai on the highest ridge; Hillebrand writes that he saw about eight, four 
years later. Dr. R. C. L. Perkins who thoroughly explored the islands for in- 
sects, and consequently became familiar with the Hawaiian Flora to some extent, 
informed the writer that he saw 2 trees of this species on Lanai about 10 years 
ago. When exploring the Island of Lanai in the year 1910, from June to 
August, the writer failed to find even a sign of this tree anywhere on the island. 
However, large trees of apparently this species were found by C. N. Forbes in 
the Koolau Mts. on Oahu, and the writer found a tree about 20 feet in height on 
the lower slopes of Mt. Konahuanui, back of Honolulu, practically at the head of 
Pauoa Valley. Its leaves were exceedingly large, though the last terminal ones 
answered the deseription by Gray. It was in flower and fruit and is figured on 
plate 214. 
Mr. C. N. Forbes described a very interesting species from Kauai in the Wa- 
hiawa Mts. where it was collected by J. M. Lydgate. It has the habit of growth 
of a lobelia. The large flower-heads are on slender filiform pedicels. The 
leaves are entire. It was named by him H. Lydgatei Forbes. 
507 
