some British East African Butterflies. 497 



a. Amauris niavius dominicamts-centred Combination. 



This well-marked combination contains, in addition to 

 the Danaiue model, the following species, of which all 

 except EiLxanthe wahcfichli, Ward, ? , are beautiful mimics. 

 The pattern of this latter is indeed rather that of the 

 ocA/cft-centred combination, with which it is represented 

 on Plate XXVII, fig. 2, In the living state however, 

 in spite of its pattern, the female of Euxanthe %oakefieldi is 

 more closely allied to the larger more broadly white- 

 marked combination oi Amatiris niavius dominicanus, well 

 shown on Plate XXVI. 



Nymphalin^. Hypolimnas {Euralia) usamhara, Ward. 



Hijiwlimnas {Eur alia) ivaJilbergi, Wallgr. 



Euxanthe wakefieldi, Ward, $. 

 Papilioninj;. Papilio daixlanus, Brown, sub-sp. tibullus, 

 Kirb., $ f. hippocoon, F. 



Amauris niavius, L., sub-sp. dominicanus, Trim.' (Plate 

 XXVI, fig. 1). The central model of this association is 

 very common in shady places, and sometimes extremely 

 abundant; whilst its broad black and white markings 

 make it very conspicuous. 



[Eahai, May 1, 1906. A. dominicanus can almost 

 always be distinguished even on the wing from H. wahl- 

 hergi and P. dardanus. Wahlbergi is almost destitute of 

 marginal white spots and so the black and white look 

 much more distinct ; whilst P. dardanus has this marginal 

 series much more developed than the model.] 



Euralia {Hypolimnas) usamhara.. Ward (Plate XXVI, 

 fig. 3), is the largest member of the combination, and, 

 in spite of considerable dift'erences in details of coloration, 

 strongly resembles Euxanthe ivakefieldi $ on the wing, 

 when the bright, orange-brown border on the under side 

 of the hind-wings somewhat detracts from its apparent 

 size. As far as my experience goes it is by far the rarest 

 species of the combination and I have only met with it 

 in one locality at Rabai. 



[Eahai, September 12, 1908. I have taken two more 

 specimens of Euralia usamhara a week ago. I must con- 

 fess that the first took me in completely. It was hovering 

 over the end of a branch quite in the manner of the 

 Amcmris model, for which I mistook it, and was just con- 

 sidering whether I should catch it for my spiders, when it 



