Gomhinations of Tropical American Butterflies. 005 



single yellow spot just under the sub-costal nervure). In 

 the type of madeira (Fig. 2) the apical markings of the 

 fore-wing of pardalis are nearly obliterated by a fuscous 

 suffusion, but in another example at Oxford they persist 

 almost as in the Ega form. The yellow spot at the anal 

 angle in madeira is well developed, being larger than in 

 jpardalis. Hind-wing : the black bar across the hind-wing 

 so strongly developed in pardalis is much reduced in 

 madeira, and does not reach the inner margin. All its 

 constituent markings in madeira are somewhat rounded 

 and give a less continuous appearance than the compact 

 bar and marginal border of pardalis. This latter is also 

 greatly reduced, being much narrower and more completely 

 divided into its constituent markings. On the under side 

 the same points of difference occur as on the upper; 

 although the black markings in the fore- wing of pardalis 

 are here not quite so obviously heavier than those of 

 ^madeira. A noticeable difference in the fore-wing is the 

 appearance, along the hind-margin (above the anal spot), 

 in madeira of four (in one specimen) small pale-yellow spots 

 which are absent in pardalis. In the second specimen the 

 spot nearest the apex is barely distinguishable. 



Type $ in Hope Department, University Museum, 

 Oxford (Plate XXXII, fig. 2). 



Distribution, based on two ^ specimens in Hope Depart- 

 ment, with the general locality Amazons, and one ^ and 

 two % in the British Museum from Manicore, on the Rio 

 Madeira, the most important southern tributary of the 

 Amazon. 



In another specimen of M. pardalis — probably taken 

 higher up the Amazons in Northern Peru or Ecuador — a 

 more chestnut- fulvous ground colour takes the place of 

 the mahogany tint, and the sub-apical markings lose much 

 of their yellow shade. The yellow spot at the anal angle 

 of the fore-wing is still more obscured. The presence of 

 this chestnut-fulvous colouring shows a transition into 

 other Peruvian forms in which this change is carried 

 still further. 



H. W. Bates (Trans. Linn. Soc, Lond,, 1862, vol. xxiii, 

 part iii, p. 552) makes an interesting note on this very 

 point. He writes : " I did not meet with M. pardalis at 

 S. Paulo ; but at Tabatinga, eighty miles further west, it 

 again occurred, not however under precisely the same 

 form as at Ega, but in a modified state, the yellow 



