Dr. G. B. Longstaff's Bionomie Notes on Butter Jlies. 62? 



§ 4. Butterjiies hearing marks of the attacks of foes. 



This very interesting bionomie point we owe almost 

 entirely to Prof. E. B. Poulton, F.R.S., and Mr. Guy A. K. 

 Marshall.* A list of the butterflies presumably injured 

 by enemies noted by me in India comprised 31 specimens 

 of 28 species.f I append further lists, which amply prove 

 Prof Poulton's statement that such specimens only want 

 looking for. In nearly every case the injury is symmetrical, 

 i. e. affecting the corresponding parts of both right and 

 left wings, so that the probabiUty of the injury being the 

 result of damage during flight by branches or thorns is 

 very small. 



Neotro-pical Butterflies (West Indies, Venezuela, etc.), 1907. 



Euptychia jpharella, Butl. A small symmetrical injury 

 to tips of fore-wings : ? by bird. 



Euftychia hesione, Sulz. Symmetrical injury to middle 

 of hind-wings : ? by bird. 



Anartia jatrojjhie, Linn. A big unilateral injury in- 

 volving both right wings, noted before capture. 



Cystineura dorcas, Fabr. Symmetrical injury to tips of 

 hind-wings. 



Didonis hiblis, Fabr. ^. Injury to anal angles of both 

 hind-wings. 



Myseelia cyaniris, Hew. Symmetiical injury to hind- 

 wings : ? by bird. 



Aganisthos wion, Fabr. Symmetrical injury to hind- 

 wings: ?by lizard. 



Colmnis eillene, $ , Nearly symmetrical injury to anal 

 angles of fore-wings. 



Colxnis eillene, $. Symmetrical injury to hind-wings: 

 ? by lizard. 



Heliconi'us charithonia, Linn. ^. Symmetrical injury 

 to hind-wings. 



Tliccla togarna. Hew. ^. Symmetrical injury to hind- 

 wings, involving lobes and tails. 



Glntaplirissa drusilla, Cram. $ . Symmetrica] injury to 

 both hind-wings : ? by lizard. 



* Poulton, "Essays on Evolution," 1908, j^p. 270, 281-3,325, ad 

 well as the references there given. 



t Trans. Ent. Soc. Lend., 1905, p. 134. 



TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1908.— PART IV. (jAN. 1909) 41 



