348 Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on Birds as a Factor in the 



flycatcher] has this year built a nest in the Auipelopsis 

 veitchii on my house at Putney. Miss C. A. Dixon 

 was sitting in the garden on July 19 watching the 

 bird go every few minutes to feed its young, and on 

 one occasion noticed that it carried a white butterfly 

 in its beak. On July 25 the same lady saw the 

 bird snap at a white butterfly but miss it" : Dr. G. B. 

 Longstatf, " Ent. Mo. Mag.," 1904, p.211.— (r) "On one 

 other occasion the owner of that lawn saw a bird try 

 to c.itch a butterfly. He was asti-nished to see more 

 than one bird chasing what he took to be a small 

 meadow-brown. At Ipst a flycatcher knocked the 

 insect to the ground almost at my friend's feet. He 

 picked it up and found a white-letter hairstreak 

 (T. w-alhum), a butterfly which he did not know was 

 to be found in the neighbourhood": H. P. R., 

 " Country Life," March 14, 1908, p. 384 (England).— 

 (s) The flycatcher has been seen to chase, catch or 

 eat common white butterflies bv five correspondents : 

 The Editor, " Country-Side," 1903, p. 290 (England). 



25. Muscicapa collaris, Bechst. (White-collaied Flycatcher). 



" It feeds on flies, gnats . . . butterflies and other 

 insects on the wing " : Naumann, " Vog. Deut.," ii, 

 p. 329 (1822). 



26. Muscicapa atricapUla, L. (Pied Flycatcher). " It also 



eats small grasshoppers, butterflies, etc., in times of 

 scarcity, even worms": Naumann, I.e. p. 237. 



27. Muscicapa p)a'Vva. Bechst. (Red-breasted Flycatcher). 



" It feeds, like the other flycatchers, on flies, gnats, 

 small butterflies and so forth " : Naumann, /. c. p. 274. 



28. Hirundo rustica, L. (Swallow). («) " They subsist on 

 a great number of genera and species of small in- 

 sects, as flies, Stomojnjs (Stechfliegen) . . . small 

 Lepidoptera, as : Tineidae, Pyralidae, Turtricidae, 

 Aliicitidae, numerous small beetles and so forth ; 

 and in times of need they will also eat small butter- 

 flies (the larger ones are not eaten, as their wiugs are 

 mostly too broad), small Noctuidae, and the smallest 

 dragonflies" : Naumann, I.e. vi, p. 61. — {h) " In the 

 month of March during the northern migration of 

 swallows, a small butterfly, Thcstor hallns (one of the 

 Lycaenidae), is out in great abundance on the plains. 

 When walkinir across the grass, the swallows, which 

 keep flying very close to the leeward of you, instantly 



