Production of Mimetic Besemhlances among Butterflies. 377 



birds are fed on Colias philodice and Pieris oleracea : 

 Gentry, /. c. ii, p. 33. — (h) Observed to catch Pieris 

 rapae : W. Dearden, quoted by Packard, " Proc. Am. 

 Phil. Soc," 1904, p. 401 (U.S.A.).— (c) " Last summer 

 a pair of King-birds built their nest on a low limb of 

 a tree close to our door. They consumed and fed to 

 their young a great many butterflies, especially the 

 Rape butterfly " : Mrs. Mary Treat, quoted by Packard, 

 /. c. p. 403. — (d) " Fyles states that he once lost a 

 specimen [of Oeneis jutta (Arctic Satyr)] through a 

 King-bird {Tyrannus tyrannus) which 'gave chase to 

 the butterfly, and after much doubling and twisting, 

 caught it and disposed of it eifectually ' " : S. H. 

 Scudder, " Butt, of E. Un. St. and Canada," i, p. 155. — 

 (e) " On Center Island in the town of Oyster Bay 

 [U.S.A.], in August 1902, 1 saw a King-bird {Tyrannus 

 tyrarmus) chase a Colias. I stood still and watched 

 it for nearly a minute. It seemed to have great 

 difficulty in getting the insect, and I could hear the 

 beaks snap in the air in their unsuccessful attempts 

 to close upon the insect. The persistence of the bird 

 and the difficulty of the operation of catching the 

 butterfly impressed me very much at the time " : 

 Prof. C. B. Davenport (letter dated 8, ii, 1909).— 

 (/) " Summer before last I saw at a distance a bird, 

 I think it was a King-bird but could not make out 

 certainly, chasing one of the Pieridae, either a Colias 

 or a Pieris, in the valley near the Laboratory [Long 

 Island, New York]. These are all the cases I have 

 in mind, but I have gained the impression that the 

 thing was so common as not to deserve more careful 

 noting " : Prof C. B. Davenport (ibid.). 



33. Myiarchus crinitiis, L. (Crested Flycatcher), (a) Butter- 



flies found in the stomach of one specimen : Dr. B. H. 

 Warren, "Birds of Pennsylvania," p. 191. — (b) Ob- 

 served to eat Colias philodice, Pieris oleracea and 

 Lycaenidae ; from direct observation it was noted that 

 " hosts of Lepidoptera, both larvae and imagoes, are 

 devoured " : Gentry, /. c. ii, p. 40. 



34. Empidias fuscus, Gm. (Pewee). («) The young are 



fed on Colias philodice and Lycaenidae : Gentry, /. c. 

 ii, p. 52. — {h) Observed to catch Pieris rapae, or a 

 similar species : F. P. Drowne, quoted by Packard, " Pr. 

 Am. Phil. Soc," 1904, p. 401 (Virginia).— (c) Observed 

 TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1909. — PART III, (SEPT.) CO 



