24.0 Professor Edward B. Poulton on the 
seeing a female between his leaps, unless his attention has 
been directed to her by the movement of the leap itself. 
Hence the pauses, often greatly prolonged, between the 
successive leaps frequently lead to the escape of the 
female. Furthermore, the leaps made by the male, when 
lying in wait for the female, were much better aimed 
than those made in pursuit. Tt is probable that in the 
former case he takes very careful aim; for he turns his 
head and anteunie in the exact direction of the female, 
and pauses before leaping, often making a slight rocking 
movement of the anterior part of the body. Occasionally 
this movement was seen in the female also, 
When the male leaps upon her unawares, as I have 
described, the female almost invariably tries to throw 
him off, and generally succeeds. If, however, she failed 
in the first attempt, in most cases she yielded forthwith, 
and, probably asa result of these favourable conditions as 
regards temperature, pairing was effected in a very short 
time, sometimes even in a few seconds. 
In one instance a male leaped upon a female and was 
thrown off; the female was then driven round, so that in 
a few minutes she again came within the range of his 
leap. ‘The second time he was successful, securing a 
firm hold, and beginning to nibble the female with his 
mandibles. All resistance ceased, and pairing took place 
in a few minutes. 
Very occasionally the alternate strokes, but only once 
or twice repeated, of the male’s third legs were seen when 
the opposite sexes were near together. i believe, too, 
that the same movement was made by the female, though 
still more rarely. One female, when near to a male, 
seemed to be excited, and raised her third legs, which 
quivered from time to time. Any such indications were 
very rare in the female. In nearly all cases she was taken 
by surprise, and only yielded when very firmly held. 
The female must be influenced in some way by the 
male holding her and caressing her with his mandibles ; 
for his position, when attempting to copulate, is very 
precarious, and he could be easily shaken off. It appeared, 
however, that the males did not begin to make any such 
attempts until the females had ceased to resist. 
In one single instance the female did not yield, 
although very “firmly held; but it is probable that she 
was immature, or injured, or in some way unfit for pair- 
