68 Dr. F. A. Dixey on the Relation of 
lypera (Fig. 3), and compare it with that of Pieris locusta. 
There is no difficulty in identifying the principal markings 
as before enumerated. ‘The yellow costal streak and 
central area (e, f) and the anterior and posterior dark 
shades (h, 7) are present in M. lypera as in P. locusta, all 
occupying the same relative positions; the precostal red 
however has disappeared, and the internal and median 
touches of the same colour have united and prolonged them- 
selves into a triangular streak reaching about a third of 
the way across the wing (cd). A small dark area (4), 
which in P.locusta lies immediately posterior to the internal 
red patch, has in M. lypera extended itself in the same 
direction with the extension of the patch, and has, beyond 
the outer extremity of the latter, united with the anterior 
dark area (i) in such a way as to completely surround the 
red patch with a distinct region of black. All the areas 
somewhat vaguely indicated in P. locusta have in M, 
lypera acquired a distinct and definite character with 
sharply-marked, clear-cut borders. There is no doubt 
of the homology of the markings in the two cases, nor 
does the change from one to the other deserve to be 
called either violent or abrupt. 
The underside of the male of MW. lorena (Fig. 4) takes 
us astep onward. Here are exactly the same features, 
but with a further development along the same lines. 
The red patch has now become a definite streak reaching 
half-way across the wing, but still bears the same rela- 
tion to the anterior dark area. ‘The costal streak and 
central area have undergone a similar elongation, and in 
this instance are much paler in colour. The whole aspect 
perhaps recalls that of P. phaloe rather than that of P. 
locusta, and the correspondence with the former insect 
is still further borne out by the presence of a diagonal 
dark streak (k) in the forewing, part of which is indicated 
in P. phaloe, uniting the costal with the posterior or 
outer margin. 
The general streakiness of the male of M. lorena is 
preserved or enhanced in the male of M. pyrrha (Fig. 5). 
There is in this case no diagonal dark band crossing the 
forewing, but the red streak of the hindwing acquires 
additional distinctness and importance, while the banded 
appearance is further increased by a slight change in the 
disposition of the enveloping black. 
As far as the hindwing is concerned, we have now 
