76 Dr. F. A. Dixey on the Relation of 
imitate two such distinct insects as the Papilio and the 
TTeliconiws* 
The addition of these two forms, viz., Muterpe bellona 
ard Heliconius erato, the former of which was perhaps 
not known to Bates, evidently complicates the “ mimicry ” 
question. Js the resemblance between the Heliconius 
and the Papilio, which certainly exists though it is not 
very close, accidental? But for the intermediate Pierine 
forms we should perhaps not have suspected any special 
relation between them. On the other hand, is the Heli- 
conius the general model for all the rest? If so, 
P. zacynthus becomes a mimic instead of a model; while 
its own imitator, H. tereas, is in the curious position of 
mimicking a mimic, instead of going straight to the 
fountain-head, 7.e., the Heliconius. 
In my opinion, the most satisfactory way of accounting 
for these complicated relations is the supposition that 
here we have another instance of a mimetic assemblage 
of the second kind—an ‘‘inedible association.” he 
two extreme forms, viz., the Papilio and the Heliconius, 
which by themselves might perhaps not be sufficiently 
near one another to be mutually protective to any very 
great extent, are held together, as it were, within the 
limits of an inedible mimetic group, by the welding power 
of the intermediate Huterpes.t It is of interest in con- 
nection with what has been already advanced as to reci- 
procal mimicry, or the give-and-take system, in associa- 
tions of this kind, that the Papilio, the Heliconius and 
both Pierines are furnished on the underside with basal 
red spots. 
V. Conciusron. 
It cannot, I think, be doubted that the remarkable 
facts touched upon in the present paper raise points of 
fresh interest in the great question of mimicry. The 
leading and binding idea in all that I have said has been 
* The Heliconine pattern is still further developed in the female, 
and on the under surface of the male of LH. bellona, than on the 
upper surface of the latter sex as represented in Fig. 17. 
+ The series could be rendered still more complete by the 
insertion of I. critias and EH. beliona 9, on the Papilio and 
Heliconius sides respectively of Euterpe bellona ¢. 
