Papilio dardanus (merope) and Acrea johnstonr. 305 
a narrow margin widened at the apex of the fore-wing 
(Plate X XI, Fie. 4a). The whole of the rest of the surface 
of both wings is bright fulvous, with the four spots of the 
fore-wing and the squarish patch of the hind-wing visible 
(especially the former) as a paler shade of the same 
colour. At a little distance and during flight these mark- 
ings would become inconspicuous, and the butterfly would 
closely resemble a small specimen of the form of Limnas 
chrysippus dominant in British Kast Africa, viz. the dorippus 
form (= klugti), without the black and white apex to the 
fore-wing (Plate XXI, Fig. 4). On the under-side the 
resemblance of fulvescens to the primary model is less 
close because of the absence of the distinct black margin 
so conspicuous on the upper-side. But this very appear- 
ance, together with a radially striped pattern caused by 
the alternation of dark veins and brighter ground colour, 
and the increased paleness of the marginal part of the 
hind-wing and the apical area of the fore-wing, promote 
a deuterosynaposematic resemblance to another Acrzeine 
mimetic of dorippus,—the daira form of Acrewa encedon. 
These two Acrzas are moreover of nearly the same size, 
while the Danaine primary model is of course a far larger 
butterfly. The chief basal spots of the hind-wing under-side 
are not black and prominent but dark fulvous and there- 
fore inconspicuous, in this case producing an appearance 
suggestive of dorippus, and unlike any of the forms of 
encedon in which the black spots are so conspicuous a 
feature. 
Il. Acrva johnston, Godm., and A. fallawz, Rogenh., the 
eastern forms of A. /ycoa, Godt. 
The three forms which it is here proposed to unite under 
a single species are thus grouped by Aurivillius : *— 
“109. Acreea johnstoni, Godm. ; telehiana, Rogenh. ; ful- 
vescens, Oberth.; semifulvescens, Oberth.: ab. ” Octobalia, 
Karscb.; ab. (et var.) confusa, Rogenh.; johnstoni, Butl. ; 
proteina, Oberth.; jlavescens, Oberth.; semiralbescens, Oberth. 
“110. A. fallax, Rogenh., forma precedentis ?; <Ail0- 
mandjara, Oberth. 
“111. A. lycoa, God.; ab. 2 Butleri, n. ab. lycoa, var. 
SButl.” 
* Rhop. Athiop. 1898, pp. 114, 115. References are omitted 
from the quotation. The italics indicate synonyms. 
