group of Butterflies, Potaro District, British Guiana. 431 
Tithorea harmonia, Protogonius hippona, and Dismorphia 
amphione. Of these three species that fit into the group 
but have not yet occurred on the Potaro it is highly 
probable that the Zithorea harmonia remains to be dis- 
covered. It has been taken at Aunai,a locality higher up 
the Essequibo. Two specimens at South Kensington bear 
Aunai labels, and it is remarkable that both of these show 
no trace of the darkening of the hind-wing but are of the 
extreme banded form. One of the specimens exhibits the 
characteristic red apical markings on the under-side while 
the other is wholly without them. It seems clear from 
the material available that Surinam and Cayenne produce 
the darkest forms of 7. harmonia, while British Guiana 
gives the megara form which is banded. Cramer’s figure 
of harmonia shows the insect on the under-side and gives 
the heavy black form with only the veins showing of the 
ground colour, It is however significant that in five 
specimens from Paramaribo at South Kensington only one 
shows an unbanded form on the under-side. In this latter 
form the Z%thorea fits im much better with the group 
generally, as 1t has already been shown how frequently 
the black area is divided on the under-side even when 
complete on the upper-side. 
Protogonius hippona fits in admirably with the group; 
many of the special characteristics being exceedingly well 
brought out. The only specimens that I know of and 
have seen of this species are one from Berbice and two 
from Cayenne. It is therefore possible that the insect 
belongs more strictly to the territory known as Dutch and 
French Guiana, Berbice being conterminous with Surinam 
although within the British area. The insect is chiefly 
remarkable in having besides the heavy blackening of the 
hind-wing a row of very conspicuous large white spots to 
the margin of the hind-wing, at once recalling the Lycoreas, 
ceres and pasinuntia. As with all the Protogonius species 
this one is doubly protected in having a cryptic under- 
side, while on the upper-side it gains protection by simili- 
tude to a protected group. 
It cannot however here be insisted too strongly that 
the Protogonius proves most conclusively that when it is 
on the wing it must be the upper-side that is seen by its 
enemies, or else how could such a pattern be evolved 
i aa of the very different pattern of the under- 
side ? 
