126 {June, 
them: a sort of very soft, feathery white fungus which is a few milli- 
metres in diameter, and circular as a rule; besides which, the circular 
burrowings beneath the epidermis of leaves of minute Lepidopterous, 
etc., larvee become quite white in the withered leaf; so that the chalky 
markings, so distinct on MMelanitis aswa in the cold-weather forms, 
might be mistaken for this latter style of thing. ‘The rains form of 
M. varaha is all vermiculated underneath like /eda. 
. The two species of Kallima which I have bred from the egg are 
K. wardi (cold-weather form = K. horsfieldit) and Doleschallia 
polibete ; the latter we always called the red Aallima. As | have been 
transferred from Kanara, and am at present in this desert place, 1 
cannot do anything in the way of experiment as there is a great lack 
of material and I have few of my things with me, having left all my 
collections, &c., down in Kanara. Our ways of breeding in Kanara 
were to al] intents and purposes quite natural as all the plants grew 
immediately outside the bungalow which are situated in the jungles; 
often, indeed, we just tied large nets over the trees on which the larve 
were feeding: this @ propos of your remarks as to the time dfella 
alcippe takes from the egg to the imago. 
With reference to the curled leaves: after the rains nearly all 
the leaves curl up in drying, and I have often been struck by the 
curious resemblance some of them bear (especially when hanging in 
a spider’s web, &c.) against the trunk of a tree, surface of a rock, 
branch of a tree, &c., to a Kallima or similarly peaked- and hook- 
winged butterfly ; the resemblance in colour and shape is sometimes 
so strong as to quite deceive one from a short distance. In the rains, 
curled leaves are scarce in wet places like Kanara, as you may imagine. 
Some favourite seats for Aallima butterflies are a tree-trunk, branch, 
or perpendicular rock surface, also small masses and strings of dead 
leaves hanging by remnants of old spider webs in the undergrowth in 
the jungles. 1 have never seen a Kallima rest on the ground though 
they often settle for a short time; whereas Melanitis always rests on 
the ground and, as your book says, generally in a half-lying position 
amongst the leaves, rarely upright. 1 have often looked in vain for 
Satyrines that | have watched carefully settle without being able to 
find them except after carefully scanning every inch of the ground. 
As to the habits of butterflies at different seasons, | do not think 
there is any more activity during the dry season than during the wet ; 
of course the number of insects about during the wet months is more 
than double that which one sees during the dry months: this is 
accounted for by the more prolific breeding owing to greater quantity 
