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  ANNUAL 
  REPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  194 
  3 
  

  

  list 
  of 
  the 
  known 
  plants 
  of 
  China, 
  he 
  persuaded 
  the 
  famous 
  British 
  

   botanist, 
  W. 
  B. 
  Hemsley, 
  who 
  named 
  his 
  collections, 
  to 
  prepare 
  a 
  list 
  

   of 
  all 
  the 
  known 
  plants 
  of 
  China. 
  This 
  project 
  developed 
  into 
  the 
  

   only 
  comprehensive 
  enumeration 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  plants 
  of 
  China 
  ever 
  writ- 
  

   ten, 
  namely, 
  An 
  Enumeration 
  of 
  All 
  the 
  Plants 
  Known 
  from 
  China 
  

   Proper, 
  Formosa, 
  Hainan, 
  Corea, 
  the 
  Luchu 
  Archipelago 
  and 
  the 
  

   Island 
  of 
  Hongkong, 
  published 
  between 
  1886 
  and 
  1905. 
  Forbes' 
  name 
  

   appears 
  as 
  first 
  author, 
  but, 
  although 
  he 
  made 
  some 
  contributions, 
  the 
  

   work 
  is 
  largely 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  Hemsley's 
  effort. 
  It 
  was 
  never 
  intended 
  

   to 
  be 
  a 
  manual 
  for 
  ready 
  identification 
  of 
  the 
  plants 
  mentioned 
  and 
  is 
  

   now 
  greatly 
  out 
  of 
  date. 
  It 
  is 
  important, 
  however, 
  as 
  it 
  brings 
  together 
  

   the 
  scattered 
  material 
  published 
  up 
  to 
  that 
  time. 
  

  

  In 
  1899 
  the 
  search 
  in 
  China 
  for 
  ornamental 
  and 
  other 
  useful 
  plants 
  

   was 
  renewed 
  with 
  great 
  vigor. 
  In 
  that 
  year 
  E. 
  H. 
  Wilson, 
  trained 
  as 
  

   a 
  gardener 
  at 
  Kew, 
  was 
  sent 
  to 
  China 
  by 
  the 
  famous 
  horticultural 
  con- 
  

   cern, 
  Veitch 
  & 
  Sons, 
  of 
  England, 
  with 
  the 
  encouragement 
  of 
  C. 
  S. 
  

   Sargent, 
  founder 
  of 
  the 
  Arnold 
  Arboretum 
  of 
  Harvard 
  University. 
  

   Wilson 
  subsequently 
  made 
  several 
  trips 
  for 
  this 
  American 
  scientific 
  

   institution, 
  the 
  first 
  in 
  this 
  country 
  to 
  interest 
  itself 
  seriously 
  in 
  the 
  

   Asiatic 
  treasures. 
  Following 
  Wilson 
  there 
  came 
  three 
  Britishers: 
  

   George 
  Forrest, 
  who 
  died 
  in 
  Yunnan; 
  Keginald 
  Farrer, 
  famous 
  for 
  

   his 
  additions 
  to 
  English 
  garden 
  plants 
  ; 
  and 
  Francis 
  Kingdon 
  Ward, 
  

   who 
  is 
  still 
  exploring 
  in 
  Asia. 
  Austria 
  was 
  represented 
  by 
  Camillo 
  

   Schneider 
  and 
  H. 
  Handel-Mazzetti, 
  the 
  latter 
  marooned 
  in 
  China 
  by 
  

   the 
  First 
  World 
  War. 
  American 
  workers 
  included 
  Frank 
  N. 
  Meyer, 
  

   pioneer 
  plant 
  explorer 
  for 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  Department 
  of 
  Agri- 
  

   culture, 
  who 
  was 
  drowned 
  in 
  the 
  Yangtze 
  River 
  (pi. 
  11, 
  fig. 
  1) 
  ; 
  P. 
  H. 
  

   Dorsett, 
  another 
  Government 
  explorer 
  of 
  North 
  China 
  in 
  the 
  1920's, 
  

   now 
  deceased; 
  and 
  J. 
  F. 
  Rock, 
  an 
  enthusiastic 
  collector 
  in 
  western 
  

   China 
  for 
  our 
  Government 
  and 
  other 
  organizations, 
  recently 
  returned 
  

   from 
  Yunnan. 
  Most 
  of 
  these 
  men 
  and 
  others 
  were 
  employed 
  pri- 
  

   marily 
  to 
  bring 
  back 
  seeds 
  and 
  cuttings 
  of 
  economically 
  useful 
  plants 
  

   and 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  incidentally 
  to 
  make 
  scientific 
  herbarium 
  collections. 
  

   However, 
  their 
  dried 
  specimens 
  and 
  technical 
  publications 
  have 
  con- 
  

   tributed 
  greatly 
  to 
  the 
  knowledge 
  we 
  have 
  today 
  of 
  the 
  rich 
  flora 
  of 
  

   China. 
  Because 
  they 
  were 
  especially 
  interested 
  in 
  plants 
  for 
  cultiva- 
  

   tion 
  in 
  temperate 
  Europe 
  and 
  America, 
  they 
  confined 
  their 
  en- 
  

   deavors 
  largely 
  to 
  the 
  rich 
  hunting 
  grounds 
  of 
  western 
  China, 
  first 
  

   explored 
  about 
  1870 
  by 
  the 
  French 
  missionary-explorer, 
  Armand 
  

   David. 
  Frank 
  N. 
  Meyer 
  and 
  P. 
  H. 
  Dorsett. 
  however, 
  made 
  especially 
  

   valuable 
  discoveries 
  of 
  little-known 
  cultivated 
  plants 
  in 
  northern, 
  cen- 
  

   tral, 
  and 
  eastern 
  China. 
  Meyer, 
  furthermore, 
  penetrated 
  into 
  Chinese 
  

   Turkestan 
  and 
  beyond. 
  

  

  