﻿AREAL 
  AND 
  TEMPORAL 
  ASPECTS 
  OF 
  ABORIGINAL 
  

   SOUTH 
  AMERICAN 
  CULTURE 
  x 
  

  

  By 
  John 
  M. 
  Cooper 
  

   The 
  Catholic 
  University 
  of 
  America 
  

  

  [With 
  4 
  plates] 
  

   CONTENTS 
  

  

  Page 
  

  

  Introduction 
  429 
  

  

  Physical 
  environment 
  430 
  

  

  1. 
  The 
  Andean 
  region 
  430 
  

  

  2. 
  The 
  forested 
  lowlands 
  430 
  

  

  3. 
  The 
  open-country 
  belt 
  431 
  

  

  Somatology 
  l 
  431 
  

  

  Linguistic 
  stocks 
  433 
  

  

  Culture 
  434 
  

  

  A. 
  Areal 
  distribution 
  434 
  

  

  1. 
  Marginal 
  culture 
  434 
  

  

  2. 
  Silval 
  culture 
  437 
  

  

  3. 
  Sierral 
  culture 
  438 
  

  

  B. 
  Diffusion 
  and 
  temporal 
  sequence 
  439 
  

  

  1. 
  European 
  and 
  Negro 
  diffusion: 
  post-Columbian 
  440 
  

  

  2. 
  Aboriginal 
  diffusion 
  and 
  sequence: 
  since 
  circa 
  A. 
  D. 
  1000 
  440 
  

  

  a. 
  Diffusion 
  within 
  and 
  from 
  Sierral 
  culture 
  440 
  

  

  b. 
  Diffusion 
  within 
  and 
  from 
  Silval 
  culture 
  441 
  

  

  3. 
  Aboriginal 
  diffusion 
  and 
  sequence: 
  before 
  circa 
  A. 
  D. 
  1000__ 
  445 
  

  

  a. 
  Sierral 
  versus 
  Silval 
  and 
  Marginal 
  445 
  

  

  b. 
  Silval 
  versus 
  Marginal 
  445 
  

  

  (1) 
  Cultural 
  evidence 
  446 
  

  

  (a) 
  South 
  American 
  446 
  

  

  (b) 
  Pan 
  American 
  448 
  

  

  (2) 
  Somatological 
  evidence 
  449 
  

  

  (3) 
  Geographical 
  evidence 
  449 
  

  

  4. 
  The 
  question 
  of 
  Old 
  World 
  influence 
  450 
  

  

  Summary 
  451 
  

  

  Tentative 
  prehistorical 
  reconstruction 
  452 
  

  

  Bibliography 
  455 
  

  

  INTRODUCTION 
  

  

  The 
  purpose 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  paper 
  is 
  to 
  give 
  a 
  bird's-eye 
  view 
  of 
  

  

  aboriginal 
  cultural 
  distribution 
  and 
  sequence 
  in 
  South 
  America. 
  The 
  

   West 
  Indies 
  and 
  southern 
  Middle 
  America 
  from 
  the 
  Isthmus 
  to 
  about 
  

  

  i 
  Reprinted 
  by 
  permission 
  from 
  Primitive 
  Man, 
  vol. 
  15, 
  Nos. 
  1 
  and 
  2, 
  January 
  and 
  April, 
  1942. 
  

  

  429 
  

  

  