456 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19 3 8 



tuft and not singly: Sphenobaiera, a genus founded on a piece of 

 leaf, is distinguished by a greater degree of lobing: both show dis- 

 tinctive anatomical characters. Whether or not the Franz Josef 

 Land leaves are all worthy of generic rather than specific status, it 

 is clear from Dr. Florin's careful and illuminating researches that 

 they furnish convincing evidence of a greater range in structural 

 details within the Ginkgo alliance than was previously suspected. 

 The main point is that there were several trees in the Jurassic and 

 early Cretaceous forests with foliage-shoots superficially very much 

 alike, but differing one from another in certain external and internal 

 features; all agree more closely with Ginkgo than with any other 

 living plant. It is noteworthy that Florin's genus Sphenobaiera has 

 been recognized by Professor Harris as one of several members of 

 the Ginkgoalean group in the Lower Jurassic-Rhetic flora of East 

 Greenland. 



Reference has already been made to the amazingly rich flora 

 first discovered by Dr. Hartz, of Copenhagen, in Rhetic strata at 

 Scoresby Sound in East Greenland and more recently investigated 

 with great thoroughness by Professor Harris, who collected a large 

 amount of new material. The flora included many representatives 

 of the Ginkgo family, new species of genera previously recorded 

 from other regions and, in addition, a new type to which the name 

 Hartzia has been given. This genus, like many of the others, bore 

 its long and relatively narrow leaves in groups on dwarf shoots, 

 but the lamina of each leaf had a forked tip. The stomata differ 

 in arrangement and structure from those of Phoenicopsis. 



Torellia. — This generic name, after Professor Torell, a geologist, 

 was given nearly 60 years ago to leaves discovered D3 r Captain 

 Feilden, a member of the Alert and Discovery arctic expedition 

 (1875-76) in early Tertiary rocks in Grinnell Land (81° 46') and 

 subsequently recorded from Spitsbergen. The leaves of Torellia 

 may be compared with broad and stiff blades of grass 2 or 3 inches 

 long, furnished with several parallel veins, tapering to a narrow 

 base and rounded at the tip. In some forms the blade is sickle- 

 shaped. Torellia has since been found in Cretaceous rocks of Ussuri- 

 land in eastern Siberia. The genus was in existence as long ago as 

 the Rhetic period in the forests of East Greenland. It is note- 

 worthy that Dr. Florin, after examining the structure of Torellia 

 leaves from Spitsbergen, decided to remove them to a new genus, 

 Pseudotorellia, because of certain distinctive characters. 



Czekanowskia. — In 1876, Professor Heer of Zurich described some 

 very narrow, almost hairlike leaves from Jurassic rocks in Siberia, 

 which he named Czekanowskia, after the geologist Czekanowski, and 

 referred to the Ginkgo family. Data subsequently obtained con- 

 firm Heer's estimate of affinity. The leaves were attached to a 



