THE FOLSOM PROBLEM ROBERTS 537 



his pluvial stage, dating back 12,000 to 13,000 years in this particular 

 district. A more recent study suggests that the horizon from which 

 the artifacts come is the flood-plain bottom land of a Pleistocene river 

 rather than a lake deposit and that the age is much greater than that 

 indicated by Ante vs. 3 



At Burnet cave in the Guadalupe Mountains, southeastern New 

 Mexico, Dr. Howard found a fluted point in association with bones 

 from an extinct bison and an extinct muskox-like bovid. The point 

 differs in some respects from the typical Folsom form, despite the 

 channels, and falls in the categoiy of Folsom-like or Folsomoid, terms 

 used by some investigators to indicate a variation in the fluted forms. 

 The point probably belongs to the basic Folsom type, however, and 

 for that reason has a bearing on the general problem. The association 

 of point and bones in itself is indicative of some antiquity, but there 

 is further significance in the fact that it occurred in a stratum under- 

 lying Basket Maker material. The Basket Makers represent the 

 oldest definitely established horizon in the culture-pattern sequence 

 of the Pueblo area in the Southwest and date back some 2,000 years. 

 There is some question as to whether or not the peripheral Basket 

 Maker material found in the Guadalupes and the Big Bend region 

 farther to the southeast is actually as old as that from the main Basket 

 Maker center, but the point and the bones unquestionably are of 

 considerable age as they were in a hearth 4 feet below the bottom of 

 the Basket Maker level. 4 



The Lindenmeier site is 28 miles north of Fort Collins, Colo., 1% 

 miles south of the Wyoming line (pi. 5, figs. 1 and 2). It was dis- 

 covered in 1924 by A. L. Coffin, his father Judge C. C. Coffin, and C. 

 K. Collins, all residents of Fort Collins. During the decade 1924 to 

 1934 the judge, his son, and a brother of the judge, Maj. Roy G. 

 Coffin, of Colorado State College, visited it intermittently and col- 

 lected specimens. From the beginning of their finds they recognized 

 that the points were different from the ordinary arrowheads so abun- 

 dant in the region but were not aware of their true significance until 

 1931 when they learned that they were Folsom type. Most of their 

 material was gathered from the surface. A few implements and some 

 bone scraps were scratched out of the soil, but there was no attempt 

 at extensive digging. The site was brought to the attention of the 

 Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, by Major 

 Coffin in the summer of 1934. As a result of a series of letters from the 

 Major, the writer went to Fort Collins in September. The owner of 

 the land, William Lindenmeier, Jr., gave permission for a series of 

 investigations, and preliminary prospecting was started. This first 



« For detailed studies of the Clovis-Portales sites, see Antevs, 1935a; Bryan, F., 1938; Cotter, 1937, 1938; 

 Howard, 1935; Stock and Bode, 1936. 

 « Howard, 1935a, pp. 62-79. 



