REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 83 
In the exhibit of land transportation were shown the various early methods 
of transporting passengers and supplies, arranged in sequence and including 
models of the early locomotives, such as the John Bull and the Stourbridge 
Lion. 
The collection of electrical and telegraphic apparatus was designed to demon- 
strate some of the more important features connected with Prof. Joseph Henry’s 
researches in electrical science, and included five of his original instruments 
and reproductions of other pieces of apparatus. 
The medallic history of the United States was portrayed by a series of bronze 
eopies of 23 medals which were struck in honor of the Presidents of the United 
States frem Thomas Jefferson to Theodore Roosevelt, and other medals com- 
memorating special acts and events of historical importance in the development 
of the country. 
American cartography and the story of the territorial expansion of the 
United States were illustrated by maps and by facsimiles of a number of 
treaties. 
The history of the Pacific coast and Alaska was shown by means of paintings, 
by a model of the Santa Barbara mission building, relics from the different 
missions, and other interesting objects, an excellent model of St. Michael’s 
Cathedral in Sitka, a large number of photographs of churches, clergy, and a 
collection of primers, liturgies, manuals, and other religious works connected 
with Russian missionary efforts in Alaska. 
The history of the Mormon Church was illustrated by a collection of portraits 
of more than 40 persons conspicuous in its establishment and growth; albums 
containing pictures of Mormon temples and other buildings; and models of the 
temple and tabernacle in Salt Lake City; also a chart showing the migrations 
from Vermont to Illinois and other points. 
An exhibit which attracted much attention consisted of models and paintings 
of ancient pueblos of Arizona and New Mexico. The style of buildings adopted 
by the ancient people of southern Arizona was graphically illustrated by a 
painting presenting a bird’s-eye view of the prehistoric ruin of Casa Grande, 
situated in the desert about 50 miles southeast of Phoenix. The ruin com- 
prises blocks of buildings, reservoirs, and ditches, fortified inclosures, and other 
constructions. The original settlement was composed of rectangular structures 
known as “compounds,” illustrated by models A, B, and C. Some of these 
buildings were used for the performance of sacred rites and as habitations for 
medicine men and chiefs. The Smithsonian Institution has made extensive 
excayations and repairs of the Casa Grande ruin. 
The characteristics of cliff-dwelling architecture were well portrayed in the 
model of Mummy Cave, a ruin in northeastern Arizona, and a painting of the 
Cliff Palace, the largest known of the cliff dwellings, situated in southeastern 
Colorado. Modern pueblo family life and dwellings were depicted by a group 
of Zuni Indians of New Mexico, and by the well-known Hopi pueblo of Walpi, 
Ariz. A life-sized family group of Hupa Indians engaged in their customary 
occupations was selected to illustrate the aborigines of California. 
The culture of the aborigines of the North Pacific coast and southeastern 
Alaska was represented by objects carved in wood, such as chests, totem poles, 
and humerous other specimens. 
The industries of the western Eskimo of southeastern Alaska were represented 
by a model of a log house, lay figures of a man and woman, a collection of 
Spears, harpoons, snowshoes, and boats; also specimens of basketry and other 
objects connected with their domestic pursuits. 
A number of historical paintings lent by Mr. T. J. Richardson, and photo- 
graphs by Lieut. George T. Emmons, U. S. Navy, portrayed the early history 
of Alaska. 
