ANTIQUITY OF MAN IN EUROPE—MACCURDY. joo 
In their various explorations Messieurs Capitan, Breuil, and 
Peyrony have collected about a hundred drawings of the mammoth. 
Those of the bison, horse, and reindeer are also numerous. On the 
other hand representations of Ursus, Felis, and Rhinoceros are rare. 
The engraving of Ursus spelewus on a piece of schist found in the floor 
deposits of the cavern of Massat (Ariége) has been known since 1867. 
A similar figure is to be seen on the cavern walls of Les Combarelles, 
and other fine examples occur on the walls of the cavern at Teyjat 
(see fig. 12). An engraving of Felis on a pebble from the cavern 
of Gourdan (Haute-Garonne) was recently published by Piette. 
Two mural engravings of Yelis are known; one at Les Combarelles 
and the other at Font-de-Gaume, at the end of the cavern. In the 
latter the entire animal is represented, being characterized by the 
form of the head, the general aspect of the body, the long, lifted 
tail and short paws. The animal is probably Felis leo, var. spelea, 
since it is figured somewhat larger than are the four horses forming 
part of the same group or picture (fig. 8). 
One of the most interesting animal representations on the cavern 
walls of Dordogne is a drawing in red of Rhinoceros tichorhinus 
(pl. 10 6), found at Font-de-Gaume near the group that included an 
engraving of the cave lion, 1. e., at the end of the cavern. The figure 
is not only complete but also exact. The two horns are faithfully 
indicated, the anterior notably longer and larger than the posterior. 
The only other representations of the woolly rhinoceros are an indif- 
ferent engraving on a piece of stone found in the cavern of Gourdan 
and recently published by Piette, and one likewise on stone from the 
grotte du Trilobite at Arcy. The coating of long hair is equally well 
characterized. The technique points to an archaic phase in the de- 
velopment of Quaternary art. Near this figure is the head of another 
rhinoceros, also traced with an ochre crayon. 
The cavern of Font-de-Gaume opens on a narrow valley tributary 
to that of the Beune and near their junction. The well-known 
rock-shelter of Les Eyzies lies across the valley of the Beune. It is 
visible from Font-de-Gaume, appearing like a black spot on the face 
of the great escarpment, and only 800 meters distant. M. Peyrony ¢ 
suggests that the two prehistoric communities may have been closely 
united. His recent researches at Les Eyzies tend to confirm this view. 
The shallow cave of Les Eyzies, overlooking the Beune near its 
junction with the Vézére, opens on a sort of natural platform about 
35 meters above the bed of the stream. The opening of the cave is 
wide and high enough to admit the light to its greatest depth, which 
is 12 meters. The greatest width is 16 meters. It has a southern 
“Te Dr. Capitan, !Abbé Breuil et Peyrony. Nouvelles observations sur la 
grotte des Eyzies et ses relations avec celles de Font-de-Gaume. Compte rendu, 
Congrés préh. de France, 1905, p. 187. 
