4<S6 Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on 



The points in which the mimics of A. ccheria converge 

 together and diverge from their primary model are as 

 follows : — 



(1) Size : They are much larger than their primary 

 model. Brasidas is in this respect intermediate. 



(2) Scalloped outline of hind-wing; feebly marked 

 in hrasidas. Slight indications of scalloping are 

 intensified in echcria by the fringe being marked 

 by two white spots in each of the shallow concavities. 

 This is only distinct in some individuals, appar- 

 ently chiefly from the northern part of the range. 

 The marked concavities of the mimics are also 

 intensified by whiteness. 



(3) Elongated oval shape of largest spot in fore-wing, 

 viz. the spot below the cell, while that of the 

 model is nearly circular. The long axis of the 

 oval spot furthermore assumes the same direction 

 in each of the three species, while that of ccheria 

 is entirely different. 



(4) The much greater prominence in all three mimics 

 of the sub-marginal row of white spots on the 

 upper-side of both wings. 



(5) Strongly-marked black internervular rays pass 

 inwards from the margin of the hind-wing of 

 Euralia and invade the periphery of the ochreous 

 patch, uniting with the black veins to make up 

 a pattern of radiating dark lines. The radiate 

 appearance of the under-side is even more promin- 

 ent than that of the upper-side. Fccpilio ccnca % 

 is very similar, except that the upper surface 

 exhibits only faint indications of the character 

 (which however is strongly marked in the hij^po- 

 coon form resembling Amauris dominicanus).* 



Some of these differences between mimics as a whole 



* In this respect, viz. tlie prominent develupnient of internervular 

 rays on both surfaces of the hind-wing, the hipjwcoon form of the 

 Western P. meivpe presents a far closer resemblance to its co-mimic 

 E'ltmlid antliedon tlian to the primary model jhnanrh niariits, and 

 similarly the hippocoon form of the Southern and Eastern canea to 

 Euralia 'ira]dber<ii than to jhiutiiris domiiiicaHtiti. Not only is there 

 the conspicuous radiate appearance wanting in the Danaine model, 

 but tlie white centre of the nj)per surface of the wings deepens 

 gradually at its margin into black in both Papilio and Nymphalid, 

 while the margin of the corresponding white area in the Danaine 

 exhibits an extremely sharp and abrupt transition into black. 



