494 Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on 



which were discussed in relation to their models chrysippus 

 and Idugii, the groups containing Lycmnida} or HespcridcV 

 are considered below. 



A group of the smaller Acrams with a single mimetic 

 Lycainid was captured at Salisbury on Sept. 28, 1900. 

 It contains the following species : — 



2 Acvcva violarum, var. asema $. 

 1 „ clouljledayi, var. axina $. 

 1 „ induna $. 



1 Gatoclirysops mashuna $ (figure of $ on Plate XIV, 

 fig. 5).' 



A. induna falls into the first-mentioned group of small 

 Acrseas, resembling rahlarcna in the possession of a black 

 apical patch to the fore-wing. The strong development of 

 black spots upon an ochreous ground on the under-side of 

 the Lycsenid is doubtless mimetic in the position of rest, 

 especially when in the company of Acrasas or in places 

 where they are likely to be found, Mr. Marshall informed 

 Mr. Trimen "that on October 20, 1894, he saw two of this 

 Zyavna sleeping on the end of a stem of dry grass among 

 a number of Acrssa nohara and A. caldarcna, and was 

 struck with the general similarity of their under-side to 

 that of the Acrj^eas ; he also noticed that in the attitude 

 of repose the fore-wings of the Lycxna were well depressed 

 between the hind-wings, giving the insect the elongate 

 outline of an Acrma " (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lend., 1898. p. 6). 

 Mr. Trimen also suggests that the heavy black spotting of 

 X. (C) gigantea and L. {C) pcrpuklira (Trim.) [ = ■pcmliaris, 

 Rog.] is of the same significance, although the ground- 

 colour is not Acrxa-Vike in these species. 



A paragraph from one of Mr. Marshall's letters is quoted 

 below. 



_ " Umhomaas Mouth, Natal; Sept. 3, 1897.— The under- 

 side of the Acnva-M^e Lycrenid L. mashuna is ochreous 

 yellow with large black spots, but I did not realize its 

 resemblance to an Acnva until I saw tliem roosting to- 

 gether. The mimicry, however, is in a very incipient stage, 

 for the yellow under-side fades somewhat rapidly, thus 

 much lessening the resemblance ; and, as it does not occur 

 in its near allies Z. hypoleuca and the fine Z. gigantea, it 

 is clearly a recently-acquired character." 



In another group captured at Umtali, 3700 feet, in 

 December 1900, the Acrceas are only represented by a single 



