552 Ecqjlanatioii of Flatrs. 



Explanation of Plate X. 



Injuries to hind-wings of Mashonaland and Holarctic 

 Butterflies. 



Injuries inflicted at the anal angle or hind margin of one or both 

 hind- wings, suggesting that the insect was being pursued or, if 

 settled, approached from behind. 



All the figures are f of the natural size. 



All the specimens not otherwise described wei'a captured on the 

 dates mentioned by Guy A. K. Marshall at Salisbury, Mashonaland, 

 5000 feet. 



Fig. 1. Llnman chrynippns 9> J^dy 14, 1901. 



2. Atella phalantha ?, Jan. 18, 1899. 



3. IlijpoUmuas ^nislpjjiis ^, April 10, 1898. Flies like its 



model cliry^ippHs until disturbed, when it is swift. Settles 

 on low flowers. Lizards probable enemies. Very fresh 

 specimen. 



4. A. pJtaJantha ^, Marcli 2G, 1«99. Character of injury 



strongly suggests a bird's beak. 



5. A. phahintha ?, Dec. 1900. 



G. Bijblla (ichelom ^, Feb. 25, 1899. The species of BijhJia 

 fly low at a medium pace, and settle on low plants and 

 occasionally on the ground, they rest at inght on grass- 

 stems. Lizards are pn^bable enennes, but the character 

 of the injury rather suggests a bird. 



7. Acr;va rahira $ , Dec. 31, 1898. Marsh insects, settling on 



flowers in low marshy places wliere lizards are not 

 often seen, hence birds are more probable enenues. Mr. 

 Marshall noted concerning the specimen here represented, 

 when it was in the fresh state, "judging from the state 

 of the abdomen this in-ect had been caught and rejected, 

 presumably by a bird.'' 



8. Nyctemcra lenconoe, April 8, l!)01. Never settles on ground. 



It almost invariably covers its hind-wings directly it 

 settles, assuming a A shape, although it occasionally 

 walks a short distance with its wings eiect. The injury 

 was almost certainly inflicted during flight by a bird. 



9. Piiramcis cardui, var. 9) J'^"- 1900. Often settles on 



ground. Lizards probable enemies. 



10. Biiblia ilithyia ^ , Jan. 27, 1899. 



11. B. ilithyia $, Feb. 1, 1899. 



