of South Devon and South Cornwall. 155 



hitherto published. I refer to Mr. Alder's admirable work on 

 the Zoophytes of Northumberland and Durham. This accom- 

 plished observer, by whose labours so many departments of na- 

 tural history have been enriched, has published 164 species as 

 occurring in his district ; and this number greatly exceeds the 

 highest contained in any previous list. In the present catalogue 

 about 230 species will be enumerated (more than Dr. Johnston 

 gives for the whole kingdom), of which a considerable number 

 are either altogether new or new to the fauna of this country. 

 The great deficiency in the North is amongst the Zoantharia, of 

 which 10 only are recorded by Mr. Alder, against 37 in the 

 present catalogue. But the West has also a very considerable 

 majority of species both amongst the Hydrozoa and the Polyzoa. 



The following Northern zoophytes appear to be wanting in 

 our district: — Sertularia fusca, S.fallaoc, S.filicula, Grammaria 

 ramosa, Virgularia mirabilis, Menipea ternata, Cellularia Peachii, 

 Bugula Murrayana, B. fastigiata, Flustra truncata, Carbasea 

 papyrea, and Eschara cribraria. It is hardly probable that any 

 of these would have escaped detection, had they been present. 



Amongst the prevalent and characteristic forms of the Western 

 coast are the following : — Coryne ramosa, Halecium Beanii, Ser- 

 tularia Gayi, S. nigra, S. pinnata, Plumularia similis, Campanu- 

 laria Hincksii, Laomedea gelatinosa, Gorgonia verrucosa, Caryo- 

 phyllia Smithii, Balanophyllia regia, Hoplangia, Sagartia bellis, 

 S. rosea, S. nivea, Bunodes gemmacea, Halcamjm microps, Peachia 

 hastata, Zoanthus Couchii, Z. sulcatus, Tubulipora phalangea, 

 T. penicillata, Pustulipora defleoca, Beania mirabilis, Cellepora 

 edax, Eschara foliacea, Membranipora Lacroixii, Lepralia Palla- 

 siana, L. Gattya, L. adpressa, L. Cecilii, Scrupocellaria scrupea, 

 Caberea Boryi, Flustra papyracea, Mimosella gracilis. 



Some of these are noted as being extremely abundant, others 

 as having only occurred in the district, or as being confined to 

 the south and west coasts. 



As it is important to multiply data for determining the range 

 of geographical distribution, I have inserted in the catalogue 

 any localities for the different species which have come to my 

 knowledge. 



Several lists of Devon and Cornish Zoophytes have been 

 printed, the most extensive being the one contained in Mr. 

 Couch's 'Cornish Fauna/ published in 1838. In this work 

 124 species are recorded. In the ' Natural History of Torquay, 

 Dawlish, and Teignmouth,' by Turton and Kingston, some 

 species are enumerated ; and there is a meagre list of about 60 

 in Bellamy's ' Natural History of South Devon' (1839). Dr. 

 Johnston's ' History of British Zoophytes' contains a good many 

 Devon habitats, chiefly supplied by Mrs. Griffiths and Mr. C. 



