Dr. W. F. Daniell on some Chinese Condiments. ] 95 



Rohilkhund streams, — the Rarngunga, Dojora, and Gurrah. It 

 prefers sand-banks to mud, and is frequent in pools left by the 

 falling waters. I have taken it also in the Jumna, Ganges, 

 Bhaghiratty, and Goomty. It varies in colour from pale green 

 to bluish green and olive. 



The Assam species Unio Corbis, nobis, attains the size here 

 recorded. With the exception of one small specimen, my exam- 

 ples are odd valves. 



Long. 21, lat. 32, diam. 18 mill. 



Another distinct species, of which I have a single valve, re- 

 ceived from Major Rowlatt, inhabits Assam. 



Unio bilineatus, Lea, I consider, as stated above, to be the very 

 young of U marginalis, Lk. Wherever the numerous varieties 

 of the latter shell are found, from Delhi and Rohilkhund to 

 Calcutta, the bilineatus form accompanies it, gradually altering, 

 as the shell increases in size, into the regular type. The most 

 beautiful variety of Unio marginalis, with a thicker shell and 

 teeth, and with a tine salmon-coloured nacre, occurs in the 

 Ramgunga, near Moradabad. At Calcutta, the species varies 

 considerably in form, even in the same water. A salmon-nacred 

 shell, sent by Dr. Day from Cochin, on the Malabar coast, appa- 

 rently identical with the Chinese U. consobrinus, Lea, has the 

 same form of young. In- fact, the young of several species of 

 Unio, of the favidens and cceruleus types, are disposed to be 

 straight-hinged, as well as that of Gould's U. Tavoyensis, which 

 closely approaches the young Siamese shell described by Lea as 

 U. Nucleus. 



P.S. U. crispisulcatus. — The sculpture is very like that of 

 Mya rugosa, as figured by Chemnitz, t. 170. f. 1649; but the 

 form of the posterior portion of the shell differs from that of the 

 Coromandel species. The cardinal teeth are altogether different 

 from those of the figure of "rugosa" in the 'Encyclopedic/ 

 pi. 248. f. 6. 



Cheltenham, Aug. 7, 1862. 



XX. — Notes on some Chinese Condiments obtained from the Xan- 

 thoxylacese. By W. F. Daniell, M.D., F.L.S., Staff- Surgeon, 

 Army Medical Staff, &c. 



[Plate V.] 



I. Chinese or Japanese Pepper (Xanthoxylum piperitum, DC). 



Among other articles of food vended in the grocers' shops of the 

 various provinces of the Chinese empire, may be enumerated 

 collections of small dried fruits, consisting of dehiscent capsules 



14* 



