Dr. A. Gunther on the British Chaws. 237 



about the 13th of October*. The sexes are distinct from each other 

 in colour, and in the size of the head and of the fins (in the number 

 of the vertebrae, the male having 60, the female 62-63 ?) ; number of 

 ova, 482. Beside a detailed description of the colours, the account 

 does not contain anything from which we could determine the species. 



2. Of other localities in Scotland, Loch Inch and Loch Corr are 

 mentioned. They appear to be inhabited by a species identical with, 

 or similar to, S. Willughbii ; at all events by one very different 

 from the " Haddy" of Loch Killin in Invernesshire. The latter is 

 very interesting, inasmuch it appears to be closely allied to the 

 Freshwater Herring of Lough Melvin. They are only caught when 

 spawning, about the 26th of September. 



3. The freshwater Herring of Lough Melvin appears to be con- 

 fined to that locality. 



4. Lough Dan (county Wicklow, Ireland) is inhabited by a Charr 

 " presenting some of the characters both of the northern and Welsh 

 Charr." Specimens were caught in summer with the fly. 



5. Other localities in Ireland are — L. Kindun, L. Gartan, L. Derg, 

 Lake of Luggela, Loughnabrak, and L. Corrib. The Charrs from 

 those localities have a deep-red belly, and appear to approach S. 

 Willughbii or S. cambricus. 



6. The following localities in Ireland are named on the authority 

 of other writers : — L. Esk (co. Donegal) ; Cummeloughs, in the 

 mountains of Cummeragh ; Lake of Inchigeelagh (co. Cork), and 

 one or two other small lakes in this neighbourhood ; L. Neaghf ; 

 a lake near Dunfanaghy (co. Donegal); L. Eaghish (co. Monaghan). 



1841. Yarrell, in the first edition of his work, distinguished, 

 according to the view of Donovan, a S. umbla and a S. salvelinus, 

 adopting afterwards the opinion of Agassiz and Thompson. His 

 account is composed of the observations of the different writers men- 

 tioned. As new localities, are mentioned Keswick, Crummock 

 "Water, Coniston Water, Loch of Moy, Loch Inch, &c. The Gilt 

 Charr is mentioned as a variety of the Red Charr. 



I conclude this paper with the descriptions X of three species, which 

 certainly are not the only ones by which Great Britain and Ireland 

 are inhabited. I look forward with great hopes for the assistance 

 kindly promised by various friends of natural history, trusting that 

 with their help I shall finally be enabled to make up a complete 

 series of specimens from all the localities which are inhabited by 



* Objections have been made to my occasionally calling the Charr " in season 

 during some of the winter months." The different species of Charrs appear to 

 be "in season" at very different parts of the year — the freshwater Herring in 

 November, the Torgoch towards the end of the year, the Charr of Windermere 

 in May and August. Considering that those fishes are nearly secure from the per- 

 secutions of man during the rest of the year, they ought to he allowed to be taken 

 when, once a year, they approach the shores in large shoals to spawn, at least in 

 those localities where such a control might be kept over their capture that all 

 danger of their becoming scarce would he avoided. Carnivorous fishes inhabit- 

 ing a certain confined locality, like the Charrs, increase in number only to a cer- 

 tain degree ; when their food becomes scarcer, they feed on their own progeny. 



t See p. 233. 



\ We insert here merely an abstract of the more detailed descriptions which 

 are given in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society. 



