ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE MELTING POT—STEWART 337 
type made by those engaged in its study only serve to emphasize this 
point. For example, Hrdlicka (1926), after studying the Old Ameri- 
cans, concluded that 
The observations show, in general, that the unmixed descendants of the older 
stock of Americans do present already an approach toward a physical type which 
may be called “American.” With this type there still occur fairly numerous indi- 
viduals of both sexes who through persistence or reversion show distinctly one or 
the other of the older types which have entered into the composition of the nation- 
alistic groups that have built up the American. But in a fair majority of the Old 
Americans these older types are more or less obscured and a new and somewhat 
differing type, an American type, is apparent. [P.101.] 
[The product of the melting pot,] through ever-increasing intermixture, may 
doubtless in the course of a few generations be expected to approach a newer 
blend—the American type of the not far distant future. This type, we may sur- 
mise from all the available data, will not be far from the Old American type of 
the present, and yet will be somewhat different, particularly in physiognomy and 
behavior. 
This Neo-American type will in all probability be, in the average, tall, more 
Sanguine, and perhaps less spare than the old. It will remain essentially an inter- 
mediary white type in pigmentation, head form, and other respects. It will show 
for a long time yet a rather wide range of individual variation in all respects. 
And it may well be expected to be a wholesome and effective type, for mixtures 
such as those from which it shall have resulted are, so far as unbiased scientific 
research shows, not harmful but rather beneficial, and conditions of life as well 
as environment in this country are still favorable. [Pp. 102-103.] 
Hooton (1936), in discussing the status of the American, raised a 
number of questions requiring elucidation. Among these is the follow- 
ing: “Do the acclimatized Americans differ from their European fore- 
bears and have they amalgamated into new biotypes?” Significantly, 
Hooton speaks of “new biotypes” rather than “a new biotype.” Appar- 
ently this question anticipates the results of his type analysis (see pp. 
334-336), since nowhere does he consider an over-all type. However, 
he goes on to say that a complete and conclusive answer to this ques- 
tion 
* * * must await the gathering and analysis of far more data than are 
available at present. This lack of adequate information cannot be attributed 
solely to the apathy, incompetence, or paucity of physical anthropologists. It 
ig due rather to an apparently inherent revulsion from honest self-examination 
which afflicts men as individuals and which expresses itself in governments by a 
settled policy that it is folly to be wise in the matter of the anthropological 
composition of its citizenry. [P. 2.] 
One other example of how the evolving American type appears to 
an anthropologist may be cited. In a recent discussion of anthro- 
pometric studies on the American people Shapiro (1945) ends on this 
note: 
It may well have occurred to the reader by this time to wonder how far 
the American people are evolving a characteristic American type fundamentally 
distinct from those of our European contemporaries. 
