346 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1946 
1939, when he was given an opportunity to explain to the Chief 
Executive the aims of our field work and their implications. The 
President not only consented to support our work actively, but author- 
ized the writer to make an extensive tour in the Philippines from 
Luzon in the north to the Jolo Islands in the south, and to conduct 
a preliminary investigation regarding more extensive archeological 
field work, and also to make suggestions for the creation of a national 
archeological survey. The President also indicated his willingness 
to grant generous financial support if such an organization could be 
established. However, as the political situation in the Far East grew 
darker and darker, the project had to be shelved temporarily, and the 
writer left the Philippines for the United States in August 1940. 
When the new Republic has managed to overcome its present economic 
difficulties and urgent material needs, it appears likely that the 
creation of a national archeological survey will again be brought 
under consideration. 
PROBLEMS OF PHILLIPPINE ARCHEOLOGY 
Because of their situation in the Pacific, the Philippines present a 
great many archeological problems ranging in time from the Stone 
Age up to the earliest Spanish intervention in the sixteenth century— 
problems which concern not only the Islands themselves, but also 
neighboring countries. As the Philippines still present an almost 
virgin soul, as far as archeological field work goes, it is as yet impossible 
to grasp the multiplicity of problems regarding the past of the Islands, 
but one single fact may serve as a demonstration of what has been said 
above regarding the lack of an adequate national organization in 
control of the archeological survey. 
Until about 1924 all that was known concerning a possible Stone Age 
civilization in the Philippines could easily be contained in a few pages, 
as only a few stone implements had then been uncovered. However, 
since that date, thousands of stone implements are said to have been 
discovered, chiefly in Rizal Province in central Luzon. Unfortu- 
nately, only little has been published about these discoveries. It is 
possible that a methodically conducted survey as to the classification 
of the stone implements, their chronology and geographical distribu- 
tion, would reveal data regarding the various phases of the earliest 
settlements and related facts. A comparative study of the relics 
may also give some valuable information on the earliest trade and 
cultural connections with neighboring countries, as well as on invasions 
and internal ethnic movements. It may be of interest in this connec- 
tion to recall the fact that until Dr. J. G. Anderson, the founder of 
the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities in Stockholm, made his star- 
