GRASSHOPPERS — GURNEY AND BROOKS 15 



Melanoplus sierranus Scudder, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc, vol. 36 (154), pp. 21, 32, 

 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 20, pp. 133, 193-194, pi. 13, fig. 1, 1897 

 (males, females. Lake Tahoe, Placer Co., Calif.; Placer Co., Calif.; Truckee, 

 Nevada Co., Calif.). New synonymy. Lectotype, designated by Rehn and 

 Hebard (1912, p. 80): Male from Truckee, Nevada Co., Calif. (MCZ). 



Melanoplus dimidipennis Bruner, Colorado Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 94, pp. 66-67, 

 1904 (one male, Fort Collins, Colo.). New synonymy. 



The unique type of dimidipennis and all lectotypes except those of 

 hilituratus and scriptus have been examined. Uvarov (1925) synony- 

 mized scriptus and also suggested (p. 299) that arcticus may represent 

 M. Jemur-rubrum (De Geer), but Dr. David R. Ragge (in litt., Feb. 

 22, 1957) has reported that the cercus of the unique female type of 

 arcticus is much blunter than that of femur-rubrum, and he states 

 definitely that the two names are not synonymous. He has found 

 that except for pale color arcticus agrees very well with an Alaskan 

 specimen of hilituratus which was sent for comparison; the wing 

 lengths of the two specimens are almost identical. Since the Rae 

 specimen described by Walker apparently came from the region of the 

 Mackenzie and Slave Rivers (see Richardson, 1852, p. 476), and 

 specimens of hilituratus from that region agree essentially with the 

 Alaskan ones, we regard arcticus as a synonym. Hebard (1928, pp. 

 279-280) placed affinis, atlanis, and intermedius as synonyms of 

 M. mexicanus mexicanus; this was done without reference to the 

 aedeagus. Hebard (1929, p. 391) placed dimidipennis as a synonym 

 of hruneri; however, the aedeagus of the type shows that it is hilituratus. 

 The type of dimidipennis is small and unusually short-winged, with 

 the external genitalia including features like both hruneri and 

 hilituratus, but not fully typical of either. It probably is an abnormal 

 individual, as Hebard suggested. Scudder (1879b, p. 179) placed 

 coeruleipes as a synonym of atlanis. No type specimens of coeruleipes 

 are known, and since Cockerell (1888) simply applied the name 

 without a formal description to individuals of atlanis (as then so-caUed) 

 with bluish hind tibiae, and only one nominal form of hilituratus occurs 

 in the area concerned, coeruleipes is relegated to the synonymy. The 

 spelling was given as " caeruleipes" by Cockerell (1889). 



Descriptive notes: A usually medium-sized, fully winged member 

 of the mexicanus group. Head with dorsal carinae of vertex moder- 

 ately prominent; mesosternal hump strongly developed in male, 

 absent in female. 



Male genitalia: Cercus variable (fig. 7,f), over most of eastern 

 half of range about as in figure 7,/-l; in Utah, California, Idaho, 

 Oregon, Washington, and coastal British Columbia averaging nar- 

 rower (fig. 7,/-2-4); in Nevada often decidedly slender, especially 

 from near Reno (fig. 7,/-5-6); furculae about one-third to nearly 

 one-half as long as supra-anal plate, straight or divergent; subgenital 



