GRASSHOPPERS — GURNEY AND BROOKS 43 



consanguineus a synonym of diminutus. M. d. affinis should not be 

 confused with M. affinis, described by Scudder (1897b, p. 171), 

 which preoccupies it. The types of ater, diminutus, and d. obscurus 

 are small, very dark individuals; those of uniformis, virgatus, and 

 d. conspicuus are noticeably large and yellowish; consanguineus is 

 relatively small and moderately dark; d. affinis is medium-sized and 

 yellowish ; devastator and d. typicalis are medium-sized and moderately 

 dark. 



Descriptive notes: A medium-sized, usually fully winged member 

 of the mexicanus group. Head with dorsal carinae of vertex about as 

 in hilituratus bilituratus; mesosternal hump absent or weakly de- 

 veloped in male, absent in female. 



Male genitalia: Cercus elongate and slender for group, with a 

 characteristic preapical knob extending ventrally and mesally on the 

 mesal surface (fig. 7,k), typically as in figure 7,^--!, sometimes pro- 

 portionally shorter, often with a small tooth near the ventroposterior 

 angle (fig. 7,A-2,3); fm*culae sometimes more divergent than illus- 

 trated (fig. 9,h-2) ; subgenital plate weakly to moderately upturned 

 (pi. 3,b), in posterior view (fig. 10, a:) with twin apices usually distinct, 

 rarely (fig. 10,a;-4) scarcely developed; aedeagus (figs. 2,k; 3,^) with 

 dorsal valve lightly sclerotized, rather thin and parchment-like, the 

 anterior margin with narrow fold, in dry specimens a basal lobe along 

 ventroanterior margin usually evident ; when dry the dorsal valve often 

 is more concave and the margin is more recurved than when preserved 

 wet; accessory lobe medium-sized to large for group; epiphallus 

 (fig. 8,^-3,9) distinctive in that lophus is angulate in lateral view 

 near apex, the angulation correlated with more or less acute apex in 

 dorsal view (fig. 8,1-1,2). 



Female genitalia: Cercus (fig. 10,i) relatively acute for group, 

 not so robust and blunt as in bilituratus bilituratus; dorsal valve of 

 ovipositor with "scoop" well developed. 



Variation: The size of 10 representative males, measured in 

 millimeters, varies in pronotal length from 3.7 to 5.3 (av. 4.3), in length 

 of hind femur from 9.7 to 15.2 (av. 11.4), and in length of tegmen from 

 12.0 to 21.8 (av. 14.8). Seven measured females vary in pronotal 

 length from 3.6 to 5.9 (av. 4.8), in length of hind femur from 10.0 

 to 15.5 (av. 12.8), and in length of tegmen from 10.6 to 23.1 (av. 

 17.5). There is great variation in size, and small specimens are 

 frequently encountered in the San Francisco, Calif., area, and in 

 Oregon and Washington. The tegmina of the smaller specimens 

 usually do not surpass the apex of the hind femur, and in some 

 specimens they are as much as 2 mm. short of the femoral apex. 

 In larger specimens with optimum development the tegmina fre- 

 quently exceed the hind femora by about 3 mm. 



