58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou uo 



Furculae vary from straight to markedly divergent. Very little 

 variation in the male cercus has been seen. The aedeagus seldom 

 varies much, except in appearance due to shriveling from drying. The 

 apical portion of the main stem shrivels considerably and often is 

 smaller and somewhat distorted when dry. The apical valve usually 

 is heavily and darkly sclerotized, extending decidedly more laterally 

 and posteriorly, like "horns," in dry than wet preparations. In wet 

 preparations the apical membrane of the dorsal valve is much more 

 noticeable, decreasing the hornlike appearance. The dorsal valve 

 occasionally is well anterior of the apex of the main stem, but fre- 

 quently, especially in dry preparations, extends laterad of the apex. 

 The apex of the ventral valve sometimes extends out from the main 

 stem, but usually is tightly appressed to the anteriobasal portion of 

 the aedeagus. The accessory lobe usually shrivels and has little dis- 

 tinctive shape following drying. 



Distribution: The map (fig. 14) shows the distribution of males 

 examined which have precise locality data. Males with only State 

 labels are from Montana and New Mexico, as well as from eight other 

 States and Provinces from which there are precise data. Females 

 examined which add significantly to the distribution shown by males 

 are from Taos Peak, N. Mex., only. The Permanent, Subpermanent, 

 and Temporary Regions (fig. 14) in the sense of the U. S. Entomolog- 

 ical Commission, are adapted from Riley (1891). Riley (1877) and 

 Rilej^ et al. (1880), also mapped the distribution of spretus. It was 

 frankly stated by Riley and his associates that various details as 

 presented on their maps were based on fragmentary data and so should 

 be taken as tentative only. Many early records of spretus are un- 

 supported by specimens, so there is no way of checking identifications. 

 It seems possible that some early Nevada records may be attributable 



Explanation of Figure 16 



Subgenital plate of male, in lateral view. 



a: Melanoplus spretus: 1, from Argentine Pass, Colo., July 16, 1877; 2, neotype. 



b: M. hilituratus defecius, Casa Grande, Ariz. 



c: M. borealis stupef actus, Los Pinos, Colo. 



d: M. borealis borealis: I, from Cummington, Mass.; 2, from Churchill, Manitoba, Canada; 



3, from Pikes Peak, Colo. 

 e: M. borealis palaceous: 1, holotype; 2, topotype; 3, from Lakevlew area, Mont.; 4, from 



Cedar Breaks, Utah. 

 /; M. borealis utahensis: 1, holotype; 2, from Ogden, Utah; 3, from Big Cottonwood 



Canyon, Utah. 

 g: Intermediate between M. borealis utahensis and M. b. palaceus: 1, 2, from 3 miles north 



of Mantua, Utah (2 specimens). 

 h: M. bruneri: 1, from Ft. McLeod, Alberta, Canada; 2, from Chilcotin, British Columbia, 



Canada; 3, from Drain, Oregon; 4, from Mt. Moriab, Nev. 



