GRASSHOPPERS — GURNEY AND BROOKS 79 



from 12.3 to 14.8 (av. 13.4), and in length of tegmen from 11.7 to 15.3 

 (av. 14.3). 



Coloration: Averaging rather dark for group; hind femm* usually 

 with transverse bands evident only dorsally, ventral sm'face, part of 

 mesal surface and external surface ventrad of paginae usually reddish, 

 rarely yellowish; hind tibia reddish. 



Specimens intermediate between borealis jpalaceus and 6. utahensis 

 are discussed under the latter. Three males and one female from 

 Teton Co., Wyo., 5 males from Togwatee Pass (about 30 mi. east of 

 Jackson Hole), Wyo., and 2 males from Yellowstone National Park, 

 Wyo. (south side of Mt. Washburn, 8,600 ft.; Camp Cowan, Fireside 

 River, 7,100 ft.), are considered intermediate between b. palaceus and 

 b. borealis because of the shape of the male subgenital plate. Males 

 typical of b. borealis also have been seen from Yellowstone National 

 Park, and it is evident that the latter is a tension area. Males from 

 southern Utah are not fully typical of b. palaceus, and they seem to 

 vary toward 6. borealis. Three males from Hackamore, Calif., also 

 are atypical. The apex of the subgenital plate of those males is 

 dorsally produced less than in typical palaceus, and there is scarcely 

 any development of a rectangular area on the posterior surface of 

 the subgenital plate. The number of localities from which b. palaceus 

 is known are too few and too scattered to permit a complete under- 

 standing of the relationships of this subspecies. 



Distribution: Male specimens of Melanoplus borealis palaceus 

 have been examined from the following localities : 



Montana: Lakeview area. 



Wyoming: Cokeville. 



Utah: La Sal Mts., Grand Co.; Puffer Lake, Tushar Mts.; East Fork of Merchant 



Valley, Tushar Mts.; Beaver; Cedar Breaks. 

 Washington: Bonaparte Lake, Okanogan Co. 

 Oregon: Upper Klamath Marsh; Bly; Bulls Prairie, Warner Mts. 

 California: Hackamore, Modoc Co, 



Biology and economic importance: The types of M. borealis 

 palaceus were "found near the pine woods on the border of a large 

 meadow land known as Upper EUamath Marsh, situated on the 

 plateau" east of Crater Lake, Oreg. (Fulton, 1930). A male and 

 female from Bly, in Klamath Co., Oreg., about 50 mUes southeast of 

 the type locality, are labeled "Swp. mdw.," presumed to mean swampy 

 meadow. There is little information about altitudinal preferences of 

 this grasshopper beyond the general upland character of all the areas 

 where collections have occurred. In the La Sal Mountains, the most 

 easterly locality where palaceus has been taken, various habitats are 

 available, as discussed by Tanner and Hayward (1934). At Upper 

 Klamath Marsh, Oreg., adults have been taken on June 23 and August 



